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II. That (those)
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| 1. that (those)+ noun – указательные местоимения тот, та, то (те) | That engine produced great noise during its operation. – Тот двигатель создавал … |
| 2.that (those) + of + noun – слова – заместители существительного | The work of a new device is much more efficient than that of the old one. -…чем работа старого. |
| 3. that – союз: a. что b. то что c. который (относительное местоимение) | He said that he would come back in 10 minutes.– Он сказал, что вернется... That he is a good driver is a well-known fact.- То что он хороший… Windows is a software program that makes your PC easy to use. - … программа, которая делает … |
Exercise 15. Translate the sentences with that (those) which are used instead of nouns.
1. The working cycle of the gas turbine engine is similar to that of the four-stroke piston engine.
2. The diameter of Mars is 4, 200 miles about half that of the Earth.
3. Hydrogen atoms are the lightest of those of any other elements.
4. The elements of which the Sun and stars consist are almost the same as those of the Earth.
5. The radio waves come back from an object in the same way as those of a light.
6. Chemical properties of phosphorus are like those of nitrogen.
7. The proton has a mass of 1, 837 times that of the electron.
8. Theproperties of the metal are very close to those of aluminium.
9. Navigation by radio is much more efficient than that by any other means.
Exercise 16. Translate the sentences. Pay attention to the functions of that and those.
1. Newton’s third law of motion states that “for every force acting on a body there is an opposite and equal reaction”.
2. Both engine cycles show that in each engine instance there is induction, compression, combustion and exhaust.
3. It must be noted that controlled atomic energy has already produced electric power and marine propulsion power.
4. An axial flow compressor consists of one or more rotor assemblies that carry blades of airfoil section.
5. The main advantage of the annular chamber is that, for the same power output, the length of the chamber is only 75 per cent of that of a tubo-annular system of the same diameter.
6. It must be stated that engines present one of the most interesting groups of problems considered in the engineering field.
7. The movement of that planet must be studied thoroughly.
8. Although a rocket engine is a jet engine, it has one major difference in that it does not use atmospheric air as the propulsive fluid stream.
9. The power of the jet engine is much higher than that of the diesel engine.
10.The engine of the aircraft must be lighter than that of any ground vehicle.
11.The turbo-rocket engine has one major difference in that it carries its own oxygen to provide combustion.
12.The flexibility of a diesel engine is higher than that of a gasoline engine.
13.The speed of the car is less than that of a plane.
14.The weight of diesel engines is heavier than that of gasoline engines.
15.This vehicle requires longer overhaul than that vehicle.
16.The speed of jet engines is much more than that of piston engines.
17.The pressure in the jet engine is higher than that in the diesel engine.
18.The payload of an aircraft is usually higher than that of a tank.
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