Zh.M. Sabitov

(L.N.Gumilev Eurasian National University)

In 2013 R.P. Khrapachevsky published a monograph “The Polovtsy-Kuns in the Volga-Ural Interfluve (according to the Chinese sources)”. The review outlines all the advantages and disadvantages of this academic work. Two main advantageous moments in the book under review are as follows. Full biography of Tutuq translated into Russian. More extensive argument of the thesis about the correct reading of the name of a distant ancestor of Tutuq (Qu-nien “Kunan” rather, than Quchu). Otherwise, the book under review contains a large number of errors which nullify those advantageous points raised above. It is worth noting that in terms of historiography R.P. Khrapachevsky ignores and does not use a lot of work on the Kipchaks, such as the works of S.M. Akhinzhanov, Ya.V. Pilipchuk, P. Pelliot, etc. Also the hypothesis that the Hunan (tribal chief of Tsubu tribe) is identical to Kunan (ancestor of Tutuq) is very perspective. The hypothesis of R.P. Khrapachevsky that Hunan and Kunan are two different people are not reasoned. In his book R.P. Khrapachevsky put forward the following theses: the real name of the Tutuq’s ancestor was not Qu-chu (Kucuk) but Qu-nien (Kunyan in the interpretation of R.P. Khrapachevsky). The name of Kunyan, who was the leader of the tribe of Kuns and ancestor of Tutuq, is translated as a “sample (example) of the Kuns”. According to R.P. Khrapachevsky, Inasy, the grandson of Kunyan, was born about 1115–1120 and died between 1208 and 1217. So, Kunyan was born in the middle of 12^th century and led the migration of Kuns. The horde of Inasy first encountered the Mongols in 1208–1210 to help Khudu, chief of the Merkit tribe. All theses of R.P. Khrapachevsky contradict the primary sources’ information and hypotheses of other authors who have studied the Kipchaks. According to the Yuan-shi and Nasavi, the ruling tribe of Kipchaks was Bayaut but not Kun.

Keywords: Polovtsy, Kunyan, Inasy, Tutuq, Kuns, Bayaut, Kipchaks.

REFERENCES

1. Akhinzhanov S.M. Kypchaki v istorii srednevekovogo Kazakhstana [Kipchaks in the history of medieval Kazakhstan]. Almaty, Gylym Publ., 1995. 296 p.

2. Zolotaya Orda v istochnikakh. Vol. 3. Kitayskie i mongol'skie istochniki [The Golden Horde in the sources. Vol. 3: Chinese and Mongolian sources]. Moscow, TsIVOI. 2009. 336 p.

3. Pilipchuk Ya.V. Mongol'skoe zavoevanie kocheviy vostochnykh kipchakov [Mongol conquest of the eastern Kipchak nomads]. Tyurkologicheskiy sbornik [Turkological Collection]. 2009–2010. Moscow, Vostochnaya literatura Publ., 2011, pp. 259–288.

4. Rasovskiy D.A., Khrapachevskiy R.P. Ot chernykh klobukov i pechenegov do kunov [From the Black Clobuks and Pechenegs to the Kuns]. Vila do Conde, Lidergraf, 2014. 300 p.

5. Sabitov Zh.M. Baymukhanov N.B. Niruny i subklad C2a3-F4002 (starcluster) [Niruns and subclade C2a3-F4002 (starcluster)]. The Russian Journal of Genetic Genealogy. Vol. 6, no. 2, 2014, pp. 1–9.

6. Sabitov Zh.M. Issledovaniya polimorfizma Y-khromosomy v kontekste istorii: sovremennoe sostoyanie distsipliny [Studies of Y-chromosome polymorphism in the context of the history: the current state of the discipline]. Zolotoordynskoe obozrenie [Golden Horde Review]. Vol. 3. Kazan, 2014, pp. 33–42.

7. Sabitov Zh.M. O proiskhozhdenii bashkirskogo plemeni Burzyan [On the origin of the Bashkir tribe Burzyan]. The Russian Journal of Genetic Genealogy. Vol. 6, no. 2. 2014, pp. 22–28.

8. Sabitov Zh.M. O «formulakh podscheta genealogicheskogo vozrasta SKRZhAMM i MS» [About «formulas of counting genealogical age SKRJAMM and MS»]. The Russian Journal of Genetic Genealogy. Vol. 6, no. 2 2014, pp. 18–21.

9.Sabitov Zh.M. Retsenziya na knigu Khrapachevskogo R.P. “Armiya mongol perioda zavoevaniya Drevney Rusi” [Review of the book of Khrapachev­skiy R.P. «Mongol Army of the period of Ancient Rus conquest]. Zoloto­ordynskaya tsivilizatsiya [Golden Horde Civilization: Collected articles]. Vol. 5. Kazan, 2012, pp. 424–428.

10. Sabitov Zh.M. Retsenziya na monografiyu Muratova B.A. «Etnogenez bashkir: istoriografiya i sovremennye issledovaniya» [Review of the monograph of Muratov B.A. «Ethnogenesis of the Bashkirs: historiography and modern research»]. Zolotoordynskoe obozrenie [Golden Horde Review]. Vol. 5. Kazan, 2014, pp. 120–134.

11. Khrapachevskiy R.P. Polovtsy-kuny v Volgo-Ural'skom mezhdurech'e (po dannym kitayskikh istochnikov) [The Polovtsy-Kuns in the Volga-Ural Interfluve (according to the Chinese sources)]. Moscow, TsIVOI. 2013. 128 p.

12. Pelliot P. Hambis L. Histoire des campagnes de Gengis Khan, Chen-wu ts’in-tcheng lou. traduit et annote par Paul Pelliot et Louis Hambis, t. I. Leiden, 1951. 490 p.

About the author: Zhaksylyk Muratovich Sabitov – Associate Professor, Political Science Department, L.N. Gumilev Eurasian National University,
Ph.D. (Philosophy) (010008, Munaytpasov st., building 5, Astana, Kazakhstan); babasan@yandex.ru