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Displacement
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Motion. A trajectory. Distance. Displacement.
In physics, motion is change of location or position of an object with respect to time. Change in motion is the result of an applied force. Motion is typically described in terms of velocity also seen as speed, acceleration, displacement, and time. An object's velocity cannot change unless it is acted upon by a force.
A body which does not move is said to be at rest, motionless, immobile, stationary, or to have constant position. Motion is always observed and measured relative to a frame of reference. Thus, everything in the universe is moving.
In physics, motion in the universe is described through two sets of apparently contradictory laws of mechanics. Motions of all large scale and familiar objects in the universe (such as projectiles, planets and humans) are described by classical mechanics. Whereas the motion of very small atomic and sub-atomic sized objects is described by quantum mechanics.
Classical mechanics is used for describing the motion of macroscopic objects, from projectiles to parts of machinery, as well as astronomical objects, such as spacecraft, planets, stars, and galaxies.
Classical mechanics is fundamentally based on Newton's Laws of Motion. These laws describe the relationship between the forces acting on a body and the motion of that body. They were first compiled by Sir Isaac Newton in his work Philosophiæ Naturalis Principia Mathematica, first published on July 5, 1687.
A trajectory is the path a moving object follows through space as a function of time. The object might be a projectile or a satellite, for example. It thus includes the meaning of orbit—the path of a planet, an asteroid or a comet as it travels around a central mass. A trajectory can be described mathematically either by the geometry of the path, or as the position of the object over time.
Displacement
Displacement is a vector describing the difference in position between two points, i.e. it is the change in position the particle undergoes during the time interval.
Geometrically, displacement is the shortest distance between the points A and B.
The distance traveled is always greater than or equal to the displacement.
Displacement has magnitude and direction; for example,
10m due West. This is a vector quantity which is defined
by a number, a unit and a direction.
To illustrate the difference between distance and
displacement, consider an object moving from point A
taking an irregular route and ending up at point B,
shown in Figure:
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