VII. Open the brackets using the necessary tense-form. 1. When your friend (to return) from the South?

1. When your friend (to return) from the South? - She (to return) yesterday. You (to go) to the station to meet her? - No, I (to be) too busy then.

2. It (to rain) hard when I (to leave) home yesterday, so I (to return), (to put on) my raincoat and (to start) again.

3. They already (to think) of everything? They (to buy) a lot of food? - Yes, Mark just (to order) ten bottles of coke and four kinds of mineral water.

VIII Прочитайте та перекладіть письмово І-ІІІ абзаци тексту.

Перекладіть усно ІV абзац тексту

1. Herman Helmholtz – Герман Гельмгольц

2. celebrated – знаменний, прославлений

3. ophthalmoscope – офтальмоскоп

4. colour-blindness —дальтонізм

5. through — із-за, завдяки

6. vortex motion—вихровий рух

7. versatile – різнобічний, багатосторонній

8. ultimately – в решті решт, в кінці кінців

HERMAN HELMHOLTZ¹ (1821-1894)

1. Herman Helmholtz is celebrated² for his contributions to physiology and theoretical physics. A delicate child, Helmholtz early displayed a passion for understanding things, but otherwise developed slowly, and had no marked early talent for mathemat­ics. Although he wished to study physics, he was persuaded by his father to take up the study of medicine, entering the Medical Inslitute at Berlin in 1838.

2. His researches into physiological optics began about 1850 with the discovery of the ophthalmoscope³ (1851), followed by in­vestigations into colour, including the problem of colour-blind­ness.⁴ He also made fundamental contribution to the under­standing of the structure and mechanism of the human eye.

3. Helmholtz's first, and most celebrated paper in theoretical physics was his article on the conservation of force. In this paper he proved the conservation of total energy of a system of particles which were interacting through⁵ central forces depending only on the masses and separations of the particles. Other important work in theoretical physics included the famous paper on vortex mo­tion⁶ (1858), and the application of the principle of least action to electrodynamical problems.

4. Helmholtz was undoubtedly the most versatile⁷ of nine­teenth-century scientists. From 1871 onwards he was perhaps more famous as a theoretical physicist than as a physiologist. But it seems probable that apart from his work on the conservation of energy he will ultimately⁸ be remembered more for his epoch-making researches in physiological optics and acoustics in which his talents as physiologist, physicist, mathematician and experimentalist of genius were most vividly displayed.

V. Прочитайте 4-й абзац тексту і питання до нього. Вкажіть варіант правильної відповіді:

For what researches will Helmhollz be remembered?

1.... for his celebrated paper in theoretical physics.

2.... for his epoch-making researches in physiological optics and acoustics.

3.... for his paper on vortex motion.

Варіант №2

І. Put the verbs in the brackets into the Past Indefinite Tense. Translate the