B. Give a short summary of what each of the speakers has said.

Student A: All right. Shall we start? You... (study) our report concerning political power,... (have) you?

Student B: Yes, we... just carefully (examine) it. In principle we... (find) the information provided quite acceptable.

Student A: Good. If you agree with everything it won’t take us long to finalise the matter.

Student B: We hope not, but we’d like to clarify some points. The major point is the term authority. As far as I can understand this term refers to power that …(institutionalize) lately and is recognized by the people over whom it is exercised.

Student A: Definitely. Moreover, I’d like to add that for a long time sociologists … commonly (use) this term in connection with those who … (hold) legitimate power through elected or publicly acknowledged positions for a long time. As you know each society … (establish)a political system by which it is governed.

Student B: It sounds convincing. As I... already (hear) in modern industrial societies there are five basic types of government: monarchy, oligarchy, dictatorship, totalitarianism and democracy.

Student A: Yes, that is one way of looking at it, but I’d like to point out that each society … (have) its own ways of governing itself and making decisions since ancient times.

Student B: No doubt. And I am sure that for years each generation in every country … (encourage) by the governmental reforms to accept a society's basic political values and its particular methods of decision making.

Student A: Well, I think we … (look into) the matter.

Student B: Well, I think so. My opinion is that we... (cover) the major points of our discussion fully.

Student A: All right. But I think we need some more time to discuss what you... just (say) about five basic types of government. I mean monarchy, oligarchy, dictatorship, totalitarianism and democracy.

Student B: Fine. Today you … (clarify) everything to me. Thanks a lot. And I am always ready to resume our discussion at your convenience.

Exercise 2

Write “R” (right) if the tense is used correctly, and “W” (wrong) if it is not.

1. The voters have supported the creation of stronger local government in these regions 2 years ago.

2. The Cabinet has never planned its expenditures before.

3. Tom has been hearing for three days already that the government is inclined to control the prices for major consumer goods and services.

4. This bulletin was sold at $5 for a long time, but today the sellers have changed the price.

5. The importance of the Conservative Party has changed for my friend greatly since he made a decision to become a member of the Labour Party.

6. Today I stopped buying newspapers at the current price as my financial sacrifice is greater than the satisfaction of reading them.

7. Did you ever see our Party Manifesto? You can find some amendments in it. Look, here is the latest variant of the document. We changed it lately.

8. Have you seen the latest advertisement of this new party yet? It’s very attractive and emotional.