Native police

The Native Police was formed in 1848. The aim of forming the Native Police was simple: to set Aborigine to kill another Aborigine. The method was to flatter (поощрять) Aborigines by providing them with a horse, local women, plenty of booze (выпивка), an attractive blue and white uniform, blankets and a carbine (карабин) and pistols and, in return, ask them to track and kill Aborigines with whom they had neither kinship (родство) nor allegiance (преданность). Members of one tribe had no compunction (угрызения совести) in destroying those who do not belong to their group. The result was a despised force who were known for their brutality. Governor Gipps was responsible for approving the formation of the force who were led by white officers. The Native Police's other duties included tracking runaway convicts and bushrangers (бандиты).

Pauperism (пауперизм, бедность, нищета)

Within a short time Aboriginal people were reduced to pauperism. They were restricted from moving around their territory because it was fenced off (огораживать) into farms, town grew up on traditional hunting grounds, animals and birds were scared away (распуганы) and their habitat (местожительство) reduced (in many cases) to nil (сводить к нулю). As a result, Aborigines were unable to live their hunter and gatherer lifestyle and were reduced to begging for food. They also stole cattle and sheep which soon brought the wrath (гнев) of the farmers who often massacred (истреблять) the culprits (преступники) or the first black person they saw.

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In 1805, aged 67, Arthur Phillip retired from the Navy with the rank of Admiral and spent most of the rest of his life at Bath (город Бат на юге Англии). He died in Bath in 1814.

He was buried in St Nicholas's Church, Bathampton. Forgotten for many years, the grave was discovered in 1897 and the Premier of New South Wales, Sir Henry Parkes, had it restored.

The Australia Chapel in St Nicholas Church, Bathampton, near Bath, England. The memorial to the first governor of New South Wales (Arthur Phillip) is on the right hand wall, immediately above the dark square plaque.

A monument to Phillip in Bath Abbey Church was unveiled in 1937.