Australia Today

Australia has a population of about 17, 820, 000. Approximately 80 per cent of the people live in the south-eastern quarter of the country with most of the remaining population living along the north-east and extreme south-west coast. Canberra, the national capital, and the largest inland city, lays about 130 kilometers from the ocean. More than 80 per cent of Australia’s people live in cities and towns, making it one of the world’s most urbanized countries. About 70 per cent of the population lives in cities of more than 100.000 people. Only about 13 per cent of Australia’s people live in rural areas.

The Commonwealth of Australia is a federation of six states – New South Wales, Queensland, South Australia, Tasmania, Victoria, and Western Australia.Each state has its own government. Australia’s Constitution gives certain powers to the federal government and leaves all others to the states. Australian Capital Territory and the Northern Territory – that do not have the status of statehood.

In Australia’s parliamentary system of government, the national government is controlled by the political party or combination of parties with a majority or seats in the lower house of parliament. The leader of the majority heads the government as prime minister. The prime minister appoints members, the head of government departments. The prime minister and department heads form the Cabinet, which establishes major government policies.

Today, Australia is a constitutional monarchy like Great Britain. The British monarch is also Australia’s monarch and head of the state. However, the monarch serves mainly as a symbol of the historical ties between the two countries and has little or no power in the Australian government. Australia is a member of the Commonwealth of Nations, with many others of Britain’s former colonies.

Australia is one of the world’s rich developed countries. Most developed countries have become rich through the production and export of manufactured goods, but Australia’s wealth has come chiefly form farming and mining.

2. Дайте відповідь на запитання:

1) What is the Commonwealth of Australia?

2) How many people live in Australia?

3) Has the British monarch much power in the Australian government?

4) What has Australia’s wealth come from?

3.Заповніть пропуски відповідною формою дієслова to be: am, is або are. Перекладіть речення на українську мову:

1) Hello, I … Kate Kern. And what … your name?

2) There … three big sports centers in my town.

3) What … your favourite books?

4) The news … (not) very bad today.

5) Elephants … big wild animals.

4.Перекладіть речення українською мовою. Пам’ятайте про те, що в сталих виразах дієслово to have втрачає своє основне значення “ мати (щось)»:

1) She has got long dark hair.

2) I have less money than before.

3) Does he have a telephone in his new apartment?

4) My friend usually has lunch at 8 o’clock in the morning.

5) That black dog has three funny puppies.

5.Заповніть пропуски одним із поданих у дужках дієслів. Перекладіть речення українською мовою:

1) There … (are, is, were) a few bananas and a lot of apples in the fridge yesterday.

2) Astronomy … (study, will study, studies) many interesting phenomena.

3) Bill Gates … (earns, earn, earned) a lot of money every day.

4) Ask him to tell you something. He … (has, had, have) a lot of interesting experiences during his traveling.

5) The boss … (give, gave, will give) me plenty of instructions before his leave.

6.Перекладіть наступні речення:

1) У мене є двоюрідний брат в Австралії.

2) Рита приймає душ щоранку.

3) Вони грали в комп’ютерні ігри після роботи.

4) Вона не допомагала мамі вдома вчора ввечері.

5) Чий собака розбудив мене о п’ятій годині ранку?

7.. Оберіть правильну відповідь:

1) The police … the criminal yet.

A) have caught

B) didn’t catch

C) didn’t caught

D) haven’t caught

2) …. a post-office near here?

A)Is

B) Is there

C) Where there

D) There is

3) He has never been to … foreign countries.

A) some

B) any

C) no

D) anywhere

4) I want … me.

A) you to help

B) that you help

C) that you’ll help

D) you helping

5) I was very much surprised when Ann said that she …

A) can’t to swim

B) can’t swim

C) couldn’t swim

D) wasn’t able swim

6) Don’t be angry … me, please.

A) at

B) about

C) with

D) for