Of physical education and sport. Motor learning and sport psychology have their legacy in psychology

Motor learning and sport psychology have their legacy in psychology. Both fields of study have expanded tremendously in the past decade. Although motor learning and sport psychology were once closely aligned, over the last 20 years they have taken on separate identities.

Motor learning is the acquisition of movement skills as a consequence of practice. One theory to describe the manner in which individuals learn motor skills is the information-processing theory. The physical educator needs to be aware that individuals pass through several stages when learning motor skills. Fitts and Posner identified three stages of learning: cognitive, associative, and autonomic. Learning is influenced by several forces. Five of these forces are readiness, level of development, motivation, reinforcement, and individual differences. To facilitate learning, the physical educator should design practices based on sound motor learning concepts.

Sport psychology is concerned with the application of psychological theories and concepts to sport and physical activity. Psychological assessment techniques and intervention strategies are used by the sport psychologist to help individuals attain their optimal level of performance. The physical educator should be aware of the psychological benefits to be derived from participation in physical activity as well as the effect of physical activity on an individual’s body image. An individual’s personality, anxiety and arousal, and attention can influence his or her performance. Intervention strategies can be used to help individuals to prepare for athletic event. Sport psychology offers the promise of greater insight into factors that influence performance.

2.1. Listen to the text “Psychological Foundations of Physical Education and

Sport”.

2.2. Answer the questions on the text.

1. Have motor learning and sport psychology their legacy in psychology? 2. Are

motor learning and sport psychology closely aligned or of separate identities? 3. What is motor learning? 5. What is information-processing theory concerned with? 6. Which are three stages of learning? 7. What is learning influenced by? 8. What is sport psychology concerned with? 9. Where are psychological assessment techniques and intervention strategies used? 10. What should the physical educator be aware of? 11. Does anything influence one’s performance? 12. What does sport psychology offer?

2.3. Find the English equivalents for the following words and phrases.

Спадщина, тісно торкаються, набути самостійної індивідуальності, сприяти, теорія інформаційної обробки, закріплення, значно, набуття вмінь рухатися, більш грунтовне проникнення у суть факторів, досягати, пізнавальний, наслідок, необхідно бути обізнаним, психологічна оцінка, досягати оптимального рівня діяльності, користь від участі, особистість/індивідуальність, правильні концепції навчання рухам, готовність, індивідуальні відмінності, перспектива, хвилювання, розповсюджується, добувати, стратегія втручання/інтервенції, збудження

2.4. Open the brackets and put the verb into proper tense form: