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Means of Communication






“When all other means of communication fail, try words”

There are various ways through which we communicate with each other. These may be called as the means of communication. In face-to-face contact we use different parts of our body or we directly talk to others while communicating our message. Where face-to-face communication is not possible, we take the help of some other means through which we usually convey our messages. For example, we may use letters to convey written messages; talk to others over telephones; send telegrams and use various other modern machines like computers, fax machine, etc. to communicate our messages. The means to be used in our communication process depend upon the purpose of communication. For example, to send any urgent message we generally use telephone; for any important matter for which a written document is required, we use letter, telegram, fax, etc.

Traditional telephone.Communication was made very simple when the telephone was invented. It was the first step towards all the modern methods of communication such as electronic mail, cable television and the Internet. Alexander Graham Bell was the first to patent an " apparatus for transmitting vocal or other sounds telegraphically". The first fully intelligible telephone call occurred on March 10, 1876, in Boston, Massachusetts. From this moment the business of providing/offering telephone service was off and running. Telephones were quickly adopted nationwide, and have become a prominent part of the global communication infrastructure. The first public telephone or payphone was invented in 1889. Nowadays payphones are often found in public places, airports or train stations, shopping centres, and on street corners. They are often located in phone booths. The payphones are operated with money (usually coins), a credit card or a phone card. After the 1930s telephones didn’t change much until the introduction of the first digital cordless phone in the 1970s. A cordless telephone is a portabletelephone with a wireless handset and a base station connected to a fixed telephone line, so you can use it around the house or in the garden. Digital telephony opened the era of mobile telephones. Mobilephone.Every one of us has heard of mobile phones[1] and using one in our day to day lives. It is a small electronic device that you can carry with you and use at any time anywhere. The first cell phone, dubbed 'the brick' because of its size and weight (about 1, 15 kg) when it came on the market in 1984. The price of this monster of technology was around $3, 500. It was only designed for one purpose: to call someone who have similar electronic devises. Gradually phones started getting a little smaller in size and greater in feature options, including multicolored screens instead of the traditional green/black; Short Messaging Services (SMS), Multi Media Messaging Services (MMS)[2]. Next came phones with different styles, such as flip phones, and now the touchscreen style. In the past few years, cellphones got even more functionality by adding several other applications and services, such as emailing, Internet access, voice mailing, video calling, playing music and games, GPS locations (global positioning system), photography, paging etc. Smartphone.A cellular telephone with an integrated computer and other features not originally associated with telephones is called a smartphone. (Blackberries and iPhones) There are various models of mobile phones available in the market with features like general purpose phone, camera phone, business executive phones, phones for music lovers and game lovers etc. This small electronic device is the most demanding (needing a lot of ability, effort, or skill) item in the electronic field which helps for a better communication.  
 
     
 
 
       
     
Pager.Pagers are one-way communication devices used to notify an individual of urgent events. They were once quite widely used by people who may not have immediate access to a telephone. Despite mobile phones have largely replaced them for most users, pagers are still widely used among medical and emergency personnel as well as IT support staff. Most people with hearing loss also have access to an equivalent technology called the two-way pager that allows you to send messages as well as receive them.    
  Fax(short for facsimile) is an electronic device that enables instant transmission of handwritten or printed messages like letters, diagrams, sketches (ескіз), etc. By using telephone lines this machine sends the exact copy of the document to another fax machine. Fax is the most commonly used means of written communication in business. It still considered a safer option than the Internet for the transmission of sensitive material.
     

Computers and the Internet. Computers have helped people move forward in science, medicine, business, and learning, because they let experts from anywhere in the world work with each other and share information. They also let other people communicate with each other, do their jobs almost anywhere, learn about almost anything, or share their opinions with each other. The Internet is the thing that lets people communicate between their computers around the world.

Since the development of the Internet, electronic communication has become almost an essential part of our lives. Social networking websites, instant messaging, video chatting and email are examples of electronic communication. With the expansion of various types of electronic communications, it is easier than ever to keep in touch with friends and family worldwide. Nowadays modern technology has given us a wide option to choose the means according to our requirement and liking. Here are just a few of the possible options for modern communication.

 

    Electronic mail or email is the first and the most commonly used form of electronic communication. It’s difficult to imagine life without email now: business people exchange ideas on it; friends keep in touch by it. It’s hard to believe it’s only been around since the 70s.

Instant messaging (such as ICQ) is similar to email, but allows two or more people to chat to each other much faster.

Video chatting. With the development of web cameras video chatting came about. Video chatting, also known as videoconferencing and video calling, mostly involves/includes communication between two people, but can also involve more. Video chat is the newest form of phone conversation. It creates the illusion that the person you are speaking to is directly in front of you.

  The most common uses of videoconferencing in corporate environments are training activities and meetings, but videoconferencing is also used for sales, job interviews, customer service, product demonstrations, technical and engineering collaboration, and troubleshooting.

As long as you have an Internet connection, a web cam and video chat software, such as Skype, and computer networking, video chatting allows you to talk to anyone anywhere in the world.

Social Networking – it’s the way the 21st century communicates today. Social Networking is a web-based social structure of virtual communities for people to share their daily activities with family and friends, or to share their interest in a particular topic, or to increase their circle of acquaintances. Social networking website s connect people (strangers) who may not have ever had the opportunity to meet because of geographical, social, or time limitations.

The heart and soul of social networking sites are user’s personal profiles. It’s like their own Internet sanctuary (святилище), a place where they can express their thoughts and feelings, post photographs and show off their network of friends.

    There are thousands of social networking sites. Some of the more popular social networking sites include: Facebook, MySpace, Twitter, Yahoo! 360, Classmates, Flickr, LinkedIn, Friendster and PerfSpot. Different websites have different emphasis. For instance: Facebook is the leading personal site, LinkedIn is the leading business site, MySpace is a music-oriented website, Flickr is an image and video hosting website Globally, hundreds of millions of people have joined one or more social sites.

Blogging is a type of online journaling that allows you to keep up with the day to day lives of your friends and family. Blogs are typically updated often (sometimes multiple times a day) and may cover all aspects of a person's life and interests or be concentrated on a specific topic such as fishing, sports, the arts, fashion, travel, dating and friendship. Blogs allow people to follow, comment and share updates with others. They are also an effective method of workplace communication between management and staff.

 

Ex.5 Which equipment from the box would each of these people use?

Cordless Fax Mobile phone Pager Public telephone Videophone Webcam

1 A lawyer who needs to stay in contact in court, but can't have a ringing phone.

2 A building contractor who works in different places.

3 Someone who wants to stay in touch whilst they are in the garden.

4 A company manager who wants to discuss something with managers in different offices at the same time.

5 A computer enthusiast who wants to see the person she is talking to.

6 Someone who is out but doesn't have a mobile.

7 A bank clerk who wants to transmit some sensitive material.






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