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  • Education in the USA






    Exercise 1. Read and translate the text.

    In the United States, education is offered from kindergarten to graduate school by both pub­lic and private institutions. Elementary and secondary education involves 12 years of schooling, the success­ful completion of which leads to a high school diploma. Education is free and compulsory in all states from the age of 6 till 16 (or 18).

    There are three types of schools in the USA: public, private and home schools. Most children go to public schools. These schools are run by the government. The families who want their chil­dren to study in the private schools must pay tuition. Some families choose not to send their children to school at all. They educate them at home. Par­ents hire teachers for their own children and they believe that this way of studying is the best one because children study at home.

    At 6 children begin the first year of elementary school, which is called grade 1. Grades from 1 to 5 make up ele­mentary school. Middle school consists of grades from 6 to 8. High school has last grades from 9 to 12th years of studying.

    The American high school offers a wide variety of courses. In the same school a student can specializes in economics, in chemistry and physics, Latin and humanities, or in automobile mechanics. During the four-year high school program the student studies 4 or 5 major subjects per year. In addition the students usually have classes in physical education, music and art. The first two years (9-th and 10-th grades) are a continuation of secondary education. Then (11-th and 12-th grades) a student begins an intensive study of his special field.

    When children have completed the 12th grade they receive a high school diploma. At this point students may end their formal education or go to the colleges. At college the student will even­tually specialize in one area of study such as Mathematics, Sci­ence, History, Literature, Theol­ogy, Computer or a Foreign Lan­guage. At the end of four years of studying he or she will earn a Bachelor degree. The student who wants to continue his (her) education after college may work to earn a Master's or doctoral de­gree. A student may also choose to enter a professional school to prepare to be a doctor, teacher or a lawyer.

    Vocabulary:

    public school – государственная, бесплатная школа

    run – управлять

    tuition — обучение

    educate — давать обра­зование, воспитывать ребенка

    hire — нанимать

    elementary school — начальная школа

    middle — средний

    high school — средняя школа (в Америке)

    complete — заканчи­вать, завершать, проходить

    eventually — оконча­тельно

    Science — естественные науки

    Theology — теология, богословие

    Bachelor degree — степень бакалавра

    Master's degree — степень магистра

    doctoral degree — док­торская степень

    lawyer — юрист, адвокат

     

    Exercise 2. Answer the questions:

    1. What types of schools in the USA do you know?

    2. Who pays for children’s educa­tion in public schools?

    6. Who teaches children at home schools?

    7. What stages of study­ing in private and public schools do you know?

    8. What age do children start studying at private and public schools at?

    9. Where can students go after a high school?

    10. Where can student go after a col­lege?

     

    Exercise 3. Form nouns with the suffix –tion from the following words. Translate them into Russian:

    To accommodate – accommoda tion, to educate -, institute -, to complete -, academic -, tutor -, to prepare -, to admit -.

     

    Exercise 4. Use “is” or “are” in the following sentences. Translate them into Russian:

     

    1. In the USA education ____ offered from kindergarten to graduate school.
    2. The first year of elementary school ____ called grade 1.
    3. Public schools ___ run by the government.
    4. To educate children at home ____ the best way.
    5. The first two years of high school ___ a continuation of secondary education.
    6. Education ___ free and compulsory in all states from the age of 6 till 16 (or 18).

     

     

    Exercise 5. Here are some answers. Write in your questions.

     

    1). How many years ___________________________________?

    2). How many types of schools ________________________?

    Three

    3). At what age ______________________________________?

    At 6

    4). In what grade ____________________________________?

    In the 9-th.

    5). What________________________________________?

    A wide variety of courses.

    6). What ___________________________________________?

    A high school diploma

    7). Where_________________________________________?

    At college.

    8).When___________________________________________?

    After college.

     

    Exercise 6. Insert prepositions where it’s necessary:

    1). In the United States education is offered … kindergarten … graduate school … both pub­lic and private institutions. 2). Education is free and compulsory … all states … the age … 6 … 16 (or 18). 3). Most children go … public schools. 4). These schools are run … the government. 5). Par­ents hire teachers … their own children and they believe that this way … studying is the best one because children study … home. 6). Middle school consists … grades … 6 … 8. 7) … the four-year high school program the student studies 4 or 5 major subjects … year. 8). A student may also choose to enter … a professional school to prepare to be a doctor, teacher or a lawyer.

     

    Exercise 7. Complete the following sentences:

    1. Public school – is a school run by …
    2. Private school – is a school where parents must …
    3. Home schooling – is a …
    4. Elementary school – is a school that consists of …
    5. Middle school – is …
    6. High school – is …
    7. A high school diploma – is a diploma that…
    8. A Bachelor’s degree – is a degree that’s earned at the end …

     

     

    Exercise 8. Tell about the system of education in the USA. (You can use Table 1)






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