The international Red Cross and Red Crescent movement

The International Red Cross and Red Crescent Movement is an international humanitarian movement with approximately 97 million volunteers, members, and staff worldwide. It was founded to protect human life and health, to ensure respect for all human beings, to prevent and alleviate human suffering.

This international humanitarian movement consists of several distinct organizations that are legally independent from each other, but united within the movement through common basic principles, objectives, symbols, statutes, and governing organisations. The movement's parts are the International Committee of the Red Cross, the International Federation of Red Cross and Red Crescent Societies, and National Red Cross and Red Crescent Societies.

The International Committee of the Red Cross (ICRC) is a private humanitarian institution founded in 1863 in Geneva, Switzerland, by Henry Dunant and Gustave Moynier. Its 25-member committee has a unique authority under international humanitarian law to protect the life and dignity of the victims of international and internal armed conflicts.

The International Federation of Red Cross and Red Crescent Societies was founded in 1919 and today it coordinates activities between the 188 National Red Cross and Red Crescent Societies within the movement. On an international level, in close cooperation with the National Societies the Federation leads and organizes relief assistance missions responding to large-scale emergencies. The International Federation Secretariat is based in Geneva, Switzerland.

National Red Cross and Red Crescent Societies exist in nearly every country in the world. Currently 188 National Societies are recognized by the ICRC and admitted as full members of the Federation. Each entity works in its home country according to the principles of international humanitarian law and the statutes of the international movement. Depending on their specific circumstances and capacities, National Societies can take on additional humanitarian tasks that are not directly defined by international humanitarian law or the mandates of the international Movement. In many countries, they are tightly linked to the respective national health care system by providing emergency medical services.

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a) целях международного движения красного креста;

b) структуре международного движения красного креста;

c) о целях международного общества красного креста и красного полумесяца.

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a) Какие организации входят в состав международного движения красного креста?

b) Какой закон регулирует деятельность международного комитета красного креста?

c) Когда была основана международная федерация красного креста?

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