Novgorod

Novgorod is a city of magnificent monuments of ancient Russian architecture. Its first mention in chronicles dates back to the year 859. It was then known as “Sovereign Great Novgorod” (Gospodin Veliky Novgorod). It was the center of the Novgorod principality, the center of the Novgorod boyar republic. In 1478, it was subordinated by Moscow, which was then gathering all Russian lands into a single centralized state. The city was built extensively. No other ancient Russian city has so many fine relics of Russian architecture and monumental paintings of the 11^th – 17^th centuries. Novgorod is so well planned that the cupolas of its churches and monasteries, the towers of the Kremlin are visible from every street, every square. There are many ancient churches and cathedrals in Novgorod.

The Kremlin stands above the Volkhov. On the other side of the river, opposite the Kremlin, lies the famous Yaroslav yard. It was from there that the Vyeche bell summoned liberty-loving Novgoroders to their Vyeches (meetings) to decide their affairs. Novgorod is not only a relic of the past – it is a modern city with a well-developed industry. You will learn here the legend of Novgorod merchant Sadko, with whom Volkhova, the beautiful river tsarevna, fell in love. The famous Russian composer Rimsky-Korsakov wrote his opera “Sadko”, which is often performed by Russian opera companies.

The biggest tourist attraction in the Kremlin is the monument to commemorate the 1000^th anniversary of the foundation of Russia, “The Millennium of Russia”, erected in 1862. The monument comprises over a hundred high-relief figures of Russian statesmen (beginning with the 10^th –11^th century Kiev princes), scientists and workers in art, including outstanding Russian cultural personalities in the middle of the 19^th century. During the war, the Nazy invaders cut it up, preparing to transportation to Germany; their plans were thwarted by a Soviet offensive.

VIII. Информация утверждений по содержанию текста: a) верна, b) неверна, c) текст не содержит данной информации.

1. The Vyeche bell was situated in the Yaroslav yard.

2. Novgorod has always been an independent town.

3. During the war, the Nazy invaders cut “The Millennium of Russia” into 100 pieces, preparing to transport it to Germany.

4. Novgorod was gathering all Russian lands into a single centralized state in 1478.

Test 1

Предлагаемый тест выполняется после завершения работы над контрольной работой №1 и изучения грамматического материала данной контрольной работы, а именно: 1) имя существительное (множественное число, артикли, притяжательный падеж, существительные в функции определения); 2) степени сравнения прилагательных; 3) числительные (количественные и порядковые); 4) местоимения (личные, притяжательные, указательные, неопределенные и отрицательные); 5) видовременные формы глагола в активном залоге (Present, Past, Future Indefinite (Simple)); 6) глаголы to be, to have; 7) оборот there+be.

В своей рабочей тетради напишите цифровой и буквенный варианты того ответа, который Вы считаете правильным, например, 1а, 2с…

I. Выберите правильную форму глагола to be или to have для следующих предложений:

a) has; b) have; с) had; d) is;

e) are; f) am; g) was; h) were.

1) Moscow... the capital of Russia.

2) There... a lot of great rivers, deep lakes and high mountains on the territory of Russia.

3) I... a student of the university now.

4) When he... a boy, he wanted to visit Disneyland.

5) Novgorod... an ancient and complicated history.

6) St. Petersburg's many museums... the world's famous art collections.

7) They... on a business trip and... a lot of things to do last month.

II. Выберите английские эквиваленты для слов, стоящих в скобках:

8) London is the (самый большой) city in Europe.

a) big; b) biggest; c) most big; d) bigger

9) What language do you speak (лучше) English or French?

a) good; b) best; c) goodest; d) better.

10) In Russia tourism is (такой же популярный как) in other countries.

a) so popular that; b) as popular as; c) as popular; d) popular.

11) Moscow is old but Novgorod is (старше)

a) older; b) more old; c) old; d) oldest.

12) It was the (самая трудная) problem I've ever solved.

a) difficultest; b) difficult; c) most difficult; d) more difficult.

13) (Эти) museums are well-known all over the world.

a) this; b) these; c) that; d) those.

14) Tell (им) about your travelling.

a) they; b) their; c) them; d) her

15) This town is very green because there are a lot of trees in (его) streets.

a) him; b) his; c) its; d) it

16) (Наша) country is one of the largest countries in the world.

a) we; b) our; c) their; d) her

17) Peter the Great was a great reformer, (его) reforms changed Russia greatly.

a) its; b) he; c) him; d) his