Вставьте пропущенные предлоги и союзы, где это необходимо.

1. The more goods are swapped … other goods and services, the more effort is wasted to find those … whom these swaps can be swaps can be made.

2. When Euro was first introduced, there was determined its exchange rate … a number … European currencies and the US dollar.

3. … 1960 and 1985, UK exports as a share … the GNP is reported to have risen … 20 percent … nearly 30 percent.

4. Young Families with children should be distinguished … older families … no children living … home, for they have different demands.

5. We must distinguish … the supply … factors … production to the economy … a whole and the supply … factors to an individual firm or industry.

6. Exchange may take the form … barter in which goods or services are traded directly … other goods or services.

7. The firm is known to have been trading … jewellery … over a hundred years.

8. … the exception … the initial period … their use, all British banknotes were convertible … gold until 1914. Convertibility … a restricted basis existed as long as 1925, and finally was abandoned … 1931.

9. Goods and services are sold … money and the latter is to its turn exchanged … other goods and services.

10. New forms … money are known to have been developed … the development … the banking system.

Выберите подходящее по смыслу слово из предлагаемых в скобках вариантов.

1. Pounds (фунт) and ounces (унция) were traditional measures widely used in Britain, often (alongside / besides) metric measures before 2000.

2. Barter economies are believed to be more (convenient / wasteful) than the ones based on money.

3. We (distinguish between / accept both) real and nominal GNP.

4. (The exchange rate / barter) is known to be regulated by the Central Bank.

5. When measured, depreciation should be subtracted (вычитать) from the GNP to give a clear picture of the output that is (temporarily / actu­ally) available for national consumption.

6. Initially, gold and other valuable metals were used (to keep an account of/to store) wealth over time.

7. Large firms are supposed to have a better chance of obtaining a loan from a bank than smaller firms, though there may be (exceptions / ex­changes).

8. Plastic cards are reported to be (accepted / deferred) for payment only in Moscow, St. Petersburg, Lipetsk, Chelyabinsk and a few other cities and there is no commonly (accepted / distinguished) standard.

9. Due to poor communications across the country and the high initial cost of introducing (внедрять) plastic cards, Russia (finally / tempo­rarily) has a less developed plastic card infrastructure than most Euro­pean countries.

4. Ответьте на вопросы к тексту “Money and Its Functions”.

1. What are the main functions of money?

2. How important is the function of money as a medium of exchange?

3. Why do people accept money as a medium of exchange?

4. What is barter economy?

5. Why are barter economies wasteful?

6. When is money used as a standard of deferred payment?

7. When is money used as a standard of deferred payment?