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Задание 129
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СЛОВООБРАЗОВАНИЕ
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Задание 128
| For most of the 20th century scientists held that conditions on Earth are (1)___________________________ for life because, by good fortune, the (2)___________________________ composition of our planet and its distance from the Sun are exactly right. If the Earth were closer to the Sun, conditions on Earth would be too hot, and if the Sun were farther away, the Earth would be too cold. Biologists since Charles Darwin's day in the 19th century have taught that living organisms adapt to Earth's conditions, and Earth scientists have long taught that (3)___________ forces alone determine conditions on the Earth. What if, (4) ___________to these long-held beliefs, living organisms began to change the Earth soon after their origin 4 billion to 3.5 billion years ago? As a result of these changes to the Earth, organisms soon were living in a world of their own making. In this scenario, organisms adapt to a world whose (5)_____________________ parts — the Earth's surface, oceans, and atmosphere —are the products of the ancestors of today's living organisms. This (6)_________ view of the Earth is Gaia theory, in which all of life, together with the Earth's surface and atmosphere, evolve as a single entity. This single entity is able to sustain (7) _________ conditions and compensate for (8)_____________ changes in the Sun's output of heat and in the Earth's surface composition. | COMFORT CHEMISTRY GEOLOGY CONTRAST MATERIALISM ALTERNATION HABITAT ADVERSITY |
Задание 129
| The most (1)____________ forms of commercial agriculture are concentrated near cities. Perishables, such as vegetables, fruits, and dairy items, are the (2) _______ products here. The production of staples such as root crops, beans, and corn is more dispersed. In many areas these crops are raised by subsistence farmers under (3)_________________ climatic or soil conditions. Wheat and rice tend to be produced wherever conditions are most (4)___________. The nonexport beef-cattle industry is dispersed widely; the raising ofbeef cattle for export is of (5)__________________importance in Argentina, Uruguay, and Colombia. Export-oriented agriculture is pursued in the tropical areas, where Argentina, 6)__________ land and access to ports are (7)__________. Among the tropical crops, coffee is the most important. It is produced in the highlands, chiefly in southeastern Brazil and in west (8)________________ Colombia. Cacao is important in eastern Brazil and western Ecuador. Bananas and sugarcane are produced throughout the tropics, mostly for (9)_______________ markets. Bananas are grown for export in Colombia and western Ecuador; sugar is produced for export in Peru, Guyana, and Suriname. Cotton has been produced for export for many decades in (10) _____________ Peru. Cotton and sugarcane are also raised in northeastern and southeastern Brazil. In southeastern Brazil soybeans have, since the 1970s, become an important export crop. Soybeans are less important in Argentina, where (11) ____________ prairie soils have long supported grain and livestock industries of worldwide importance. | INTENSE PRINCIPIUM UNFAVOUR SUIT PARTICULARITY ARABILITY OPTIMUM CENTRE DOMESTICS COAST FERTILIZE |
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