Text B .

№6. Read the following words and word- combinations, learn them by heart:

# to flourish - процвiтати;

# a huge empire - велетенська iмперiя;

# a religious purpose - релiгiйна мета;

# the most impressive structures - найбiльш вражаючi споруди;

# ceremonial centres - церемонiальнi центри;

# above sea level - над рiвнем моря;

# timber - лiсоматерiал, колода, дошка.

№7. Read the text and retell it.

Pre – Columbian Architecture.

The Aztec, Toltec, Maya, and Inca developed the most important American Indian cultures in what is now Latin America. The Aztec and Toltec flourished in central Mexico. The Maya lived in Mexico and Central America, and the Inca built a huge empire in western South America.

Nearly all the surviving Aztec, Toltec, and Maya structures had a religious purpose. The most impressive of these structures were stone pyramids topped by small temples. The pyramids were part of ceremonial centres that also included altars, palaces, and plazas. The Inca built large temples, fortresses, and public buildings on mountainsides. The ruins of one of their best- known cities, Machu Picchu, lie in the Andes Mountains about 8, 000 feet (2, 400 metres) above sea level.

A number of Indian cultures developed in North America. The Cliff Dwellers of what is now the South – western United States created the most significant architecture. Their architecture consisted primarily of housing. The buildings rose next to cliffs like apartment houses. The Indians built their cliff dwellings of stone, adobe, or timber. Religious ceremonies were held in circular chambers called kivas. Most kivas were constructed underground.

Maya architecture was noted for magnificent stone pyramids. Most of the pyramids had a flat top on which one or more small temples stood. Additional temples were also built on platforms on the sides of the pyramids. This picture shows the ruins of pyramids in the Maya city of Tikal in the jungles of Guatemala. Construction of the pyramids began in the 200’s B.C. and continued for several centuries.

№8. Put the letters of the underlined words into the correct order.

1) The Inca built a huge epmier in western South America.

2) The Cliff Dwellers created the most gtisifnican architecture.

3) The Indian built their cliff lidgweln of stone, adobe or timber.

4) Most circular chambers were constructed gurdnuerodn.

5) The Inca built large temples, ossefrtsre on mountainsides.

6) The most impressive of surcrtsetu were stone pyramids.

№9. Read these sentences taken from the text. Fill in the gaps with a suitable word from the list below. Use each word only once.