Environmental policy and sustainable development

As the environmental problems that took the nature of the ecological crisis, began to be heard increasingly demands the need to conduct environmental policy, the need to direct human activity, in accordance with the nature with the help and participation of the state and political parties, in order to ensure the preservation of ecological balance in nature.

Currently, environmental issues have taken global. This is due to the fact that the planning and implementation of the material progress of society were not taken into account the environmental foundations of human life and the lives of other creatures. Therefore, at present, almost all countries, especially those relating to economic development, trying to formulate its environmental policies, to adjust the planned use of natural resources and to provide financial resources for their recovery.

Environmental Policy (NEP) - a system of activities related to the influence of society on nature. Environmental policy - is determined by the organization set of intentions and principles relating to the environmental performance of its activities, which provides the basis for developing specific goals and objectives. The Dictionary of Nature Protection provides the following definition: " Environmental policy - a set of ways to achieve the environmental goals and objectives of the strategy." This environmental strategy is defined as a set of specific goals and objectives, designed for the real possibilities and the terms of their achievements in the field of environmental protection and use of natural resources.

Socio - economic principles: compliance with the economic development and environmental features, using the achievements of scientific and technological progress to solve environmental problems, regulation of consumption, planning of natural population growth. In countries with different social and political systems of these principles may vary. For example, a characteristic of totalitarian political principles such as the lack of democracy, privacy, enforcement, passive confrontation. Socio-economic principles in totalitarian states based on the idea of ​ ​ limitlessness of natural resources, ignoring environmental capacity of the environment, the priority of state interests over personal interests; population growth is usually not controlled.

In the area of environmental protection is strongly influenced by the principles of concordat at the international level, this solution 2nd UN World Conference on Environment and Development (Rio de Janeiro, 1992), confirmed and extended by the World Summit on Sustainable Development (Johannesburg, 2002). These principles apply, such as the " polluter pays", the requirements of sustainability, precaution, use of technology, the best available, and others. These principles are included in the environmental and natural resource laws of most countries.

The objective of environmental policy in modern conditions is the creation of conditions for balanced and sustainable development of nature, society and economy.

Implementation of the principles of environmental policy is carried out by using certain techniques (mechanisms). There are different approaches in determining the methods of EP. The social ecology are the following methods presented in the table. 1.