Главная страница
Случайная страница
Разделы сайта
АвтомобилиАстрономияБиологияГеографияДом и садДругие языкиДругоеИнформатикаИсторияКультураЛитератураЛогикаМатематикаМедицинаМеталлургияМеханикаОбразованиеОхрана трудаПедагогикаПолитикаПравоПсихологияРелигияРиторикаСоциологияСпортСтроительствоТехнологияТуризмФизикаФилософияФинансыХимияЧерчениеЭкологияЭкономикаЭлектроника
|
Сопоставление видовременных форм английского глагола в активном залоге
Данная схема дает понятие о времени (настоящем, прошедшем и будущем) и дополнительные сведения о четырех характеристиках действия, присущих мышлению англоговорящих людей.
Past(Прошедшее)
| Present(Настоящее)
| Future(Будущее)
| Simple
| Progressive
| Perfect
| Perfect
| Simple
| Progressive
| Perfect
| Perfect
| Simple
| Progressive
| Perfect
| Perfect
| Регулярное
| Процесс
| Завершенное
| Progressive
| Регулярное
| Процесс
| Завершенное
| Progressive
| Регулярное
| Процесс
| Завершенное
| Progressive
|
|
|
| Завершенно-
|
|
|
| Завершенно-
|
|
|
| Завершенно-
|
|
|
| длительное
|
|
|
| длительное
|
|
|
| длительное
| V-ed, V2
| was (were)
| hadV3
| had been
| V, V-s
| be V-ing
| have V3
| have been
| will (shall) V
| will (shall) be
| will (shall)
| will (shall)
|
| V-ing
|
| V-ing
|
| I am
| has (3л.
| V-ing
|
| V-ing
| haveV3
| have been
|
|
|
|
|
| he, she, it is
we, you,
they are
| ед.ч.)
|
|
|
|
| V-ing
| В прошлом
| Она вела
| Она завела
| Она ехала
| Она обычно
| Она сейчас
| Она никогда
| Она за рулем
| Она завтра
| Завтра в 12
| Завтра
| Она будет
| году она
| свою новую
| машину в
| уже 2 часа
| ездит на
| ведет свою
| не водила
| (ведет
| приедет
| часов она
| к трем
| за рулем уже
| вела
| машину,
| гараж к тому
| к тому
| машине на
| новую
| грузовик.
| машину)
| на работу
| будет за
| часам она
| 4 часа к тому
| машину
| когда я ее
| времени, как
| времени,
| работу.
| машину.
|
| с 12 часов.
| на машине.
| рулем (будет
| уже приедет
| времени, как
| впервые.
| увидел.
| он прибыл
| когда начался
|
|
|
|
|
| вести
| на работу.
| она доберет-
|
|
| домой.
| дождь.
|
|
|
|
|
| машину).
|
| ся до моря.
| She drovea
| She was
| She had
| She had
| She usually
| She is
| She has
| She has
| She will
| She will be
| She will
| She will
| car for the
| drivingher
| driventhe
| been driving
| drivesto
| drivingher
| never driven
| been driving
| driveto work
| driving
| have driven
| have been
| first time last
| new car
| car into the
| for two hours
| work.
| new car now.
| a truck.
| since 12
| tomorrow.
| tomorrow at
| to work
| drivingfor
| year.
| when I saw
| garage
| when it
|
|
|
| o'clock.
|
| 12 o'clock.
| tomorrow by
| 4 hours by
|
| her.
| before he
| started to
|
|
|
|
|
|
| 3 o'clock.
| the time she
|
|
| arrived
| rain.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| arrives at the
|
|
| home.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| sea.
| Условные обозначения:
V — основа глагола;
V-s — форма глагола в третьем лице единственного числа;
V- ed – Past Simple правильных глаголов
V2 — Past Simple неправильных глаголов;
V3 — Participle II как правильных, так и неправильных глаголов;
V-ing — Participle I.
ASPECT
| SIMPLE
| PROGRESSIVE
| PERFECT
| PERFECT PROGRESSIVE
| MEANING
| констатация факта
| процесс
| завершенность
| завершено-длительное
|
| When?
| At what time?
| By what time?
| Since what time? How long?
| Period of time
| usually, often, always, seldom, every day (week, month, year)
| now, at the moment
| ever, never, just, already, not...yet, by 3p.m.
| since 3 p.m., for a long time, for a month...
| Present
| +
| V
Vs (3л.ед.ч.)
| am
to be is + Ving
are
| have
+ Ved/V3
has (3л.ед.ч.)
| have
+ been +Ving
has (3л.ед.ч.)
|
| ?
| do, does...V
| inversion
| inversion
| inversion
|
| __
| do, does + not + V
| am, is, are + not + Ving
| have/ has + not + Ved/V3
| have/ has + not + been + Ving
| Period of time
| yesterday, last week (month, year), long ago
| yesterday at 3p.m., yesterday from 6 till 7, when you came...
| yesterday by 3p.m., before some time in the past...
| yesterday since 3p.m., for some time in the past
| Past
| +
| Ved/V2
| was
+ Ving
were
| had+ Ved/V3
| had been + Ving
|
| ?
| did...V
| inversion
| inversion
| inversion
|
| __
| did + not + V
| was, were + not + Ving
| had + not + Ved/ V3
| had + not + been + Ving
| Period of time
| tomorrow, next week (month, year)
| tomorrow at 3p.m., tomorrow from 6 till 7, when you come
| tomorrow by 3p.m., by some time in the future
| tomorrow since 3p.m., for some time in the future
| Future
| +
| will+ V
| will + be + Ving
| will + have + Ved/V3
| will + have + been + Ving
|
| ?
| inversion
| inversion
| inversion
| inversion
|
| __
| won't + V
| won't + be +Ving
| won't + have + Ved/ V3
| won't + have + been + Ving
| PASSIVE Страдательный залог
| SIMPLE
| PROGRESSIVE
| PERFECT
| PRESENT
| am
is +Ved/V3
are
Usually houses are built 8 months.
Обычно дома строят 8месяцев.
| am
is + being +Ved/ V3
are
This house is being built now.
Этот дом строится сейчас.
| have
+ been + Ved/V3
has
This house has been already built.
Этот дом уже построен.
| PAST
| was
+ Ved/V3
were
This house was built last year.
Этот дом был построен в прошлом году.
| was
+being+ Ved/V3
were
When I came last year this house was being built.
Этот дом строился, когда я в прошлом году приехал.
|
had been +Ved/ V3
This house had been built before I came.
Этот дом был построен до того, как я приехал.
| FUTURE
| will + be + Ved/V3
This house will be built next year.
Этот дом будет построен в следующем году.
|
X
| will have been + Ved/V3
This house will have been already built by January.
Этот дом уже будет построен к январю.
|
Your attitude and thoughts must be constantly changing for the better.
|