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GRAMMAR: The Infinitive – Інфінітив
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1. The infinitive has the following forms:
| Simple | Continuous | Perfect | Perfect Continuous | |
| Active Voice | to ask | to be asking | to have asked | to have been asking |
| Passive Voice | to be asked | – | to have been asked | – |
2. The infinitive can be used as:
| the subject (підмет) | It was hard to raisethis question. |
| the predicative (частина присудка) | The main problem is to getto the office on time. |
| an object (додаток) | She tried to speakcalmly. |
| an attribute (означення) | There was nothing to argueabout. |
| an adverbial modifier (обставина) | I have come to seethe manager. |
3. Some verbs can be followed by object + infinitive:
I'd like you topay now.
a) verbs followed by an object + infinitive with " to":
| advise, allow, ask, expect, forbid, force, get, hate, help, intend, invite, permit, order, prefer, recommend, remind, tell, want, persuade, like, warn, wish, would like, encourage |
My boss always encouraged me towork as hard as I could.
b) verbs followed by an object + infinitive without " to":
| let, make, feel, see, hear, watch, notice |
Let me explain the rule.
Ex.1. Translate the sentences into Ukrainian. State the form and function of the Infinitive:
1 She was the last to solve the problem. …………………………………………………………………..
2 To do it accurately was the main problem. …………………………………………………………………
3 This is a prestigious company to work in. ………………………………………………………………….
4 It was kind of your boss to have offered it to you. …………………………………………………………
5 Our plan was to finish this work by the end of the month. …………………………………………………
6 I was lucky to have been chosen for this job. …………………………………………………………….
7 This is a very good hotel to stay at. ………………………………………………………………………
8 There’s a lot of work to be done today. …………………………………………………………………..
9 She was the first to be given a rise. ………………………………………………………………………
10 It's nice to be working right now. ………………………………………………………………………
11 He hopes to be chosen for this position. ………………………………………………………………….
12 Our boss doesn't like to be interrupted while he’s working. ……………………………………………..
13 Do you know him well enough to ask him for some money? ……………………………………………
14 I don’t want to be misunderstood. ……………………………………………………………..
15 All the necessary changes may be made any moment. …………………………………………………
16 I hope to find a job in accounting. …………………………………………………………….
17 I'm sorry not to have kept my promise. …………………………………………………………………..
18 It was a big mistake for them not to keep him as accountant. …………………………………………….
Ex.2. Put " to" or " -" into the gaps. Translate the sentences into Ukrainian:
1 We made him... do it all over again. 2 I recommended him... learn the laws of my country. 3 The boss made the secretary... repeat the message. 4 They won't let you... leave the Customs area till your luggage has been examined. 5 Will you help me... fill in this application form? 6 Please let us... know about his decision as soon as possible. 7 I'd like him... accept this invitation. 8 I don't want anybody... use the results of my experiments. 9 He made me... sign this paper. 10 I saw him... leave the office. 11 Nobody noticed him... come in. 12 I don't want anybody... know about our plans. 13 She knew him... be a good marketer. 14 I believe this... be the only way out.
Ex.3. Translate into English:
1 Він не хотів, щоб касир перераховував гроші. 2 Всі вважають, що він дуже успішний підприємець. 3 Це змусить менеджерів компанії подумати, як вирішити проблему захисту свого виробника. 4 Це змусило уряд підвищити ціни на імпортні товари. 5 Я сподівався, що ця новина змусить його підвищити тобі заробітну платню. 6 Я не хочу, щоб ви контролювали мою діяльність. 7 Він не сподівався, що це питання розглянуть так швидко. 8 Ніхто не сподівався, що ця перспективна компанія стане банкрутом. 9 Ніхто не знав, що примусило їх змінити їхні плани. 10 Я хочу, щоб ви проглянули цей звіт. 11 Що змусило його зробити цей крок? 12 Дозвольте мені дати вам пораду. 13 Мені б не хотілося, щоб ти так погано думав про нього. 14 Вони не сподівалися, що ми закінчимо цей звіт без їхньої допомоги.
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