A) Summarize the information about the experiment in the table below.

B) Present your summary to the class.

3. What do different researchers think about the experiment? Fill in the table. If any information is not available from the article, put “—“.

The article deals with Type 2 diabetes. Now read the passage about Type 1 diabetes and gestational diabetes and say 1) what the three types have in common, 2) what makes them different.

Type 1 diabetes, formerly called juvenile diabetes or insulin-dependent diabetes, is usually first diagnosed in children, teenagers, or young adults. With this form of diabetes, the cells of the pancreas no longer make insulin because the body's immune system has attacked and destroyed them. Treatment for type 1 diabetes includes taking insulin and possibly another injectable medicine, making wise food choices, being physically active, taking aspirin and controlling blood pressure and cholesterol.

Some women develop gestational diabetes during the late stages of pregnancy. Although this form of diabetes usually goes away after the baby is born, a woman who has had it is more likely to develop type 2 diabetes later in life. Gestational diabetes is caused by the hormones of pregnancy or a shortage of insulin.

5. Fill in the gaps with the words in the box. Then, answer the questions: What methods of giving insulin to patients are there? Which method is the least efficient? Which method doesn’t work?

Type 1 diabetes is treated with insulin and by eating a healthy diet. Insulin can't be taken by mouth because the digestive juices in the stomach destroy it. So it has to be given by injections. Insulin is given at regular intervals throughout the day, usually two to four times. Each injection may contain one, or a combination of different types of insulin, which act for a short, intermediate or longer period of time. Injections can be given using either a traditional needle and plastic syringe, or with an injection pen device.

An automatic insulin pump is available, which means that fewer injections are needed. The needle is sited under the skin, and connected to a small electrical pump that attaches to a belt and is about the size of a small box.

Inhaled insulin recently became available for treating people with a proven needle phobia. Researchers hoped that this would become a mainstay method of giving insulin, but initial results were not as impressive as hoped, and so this option is now usually reserved for those patients where all other treatment options have failed.

6. Make up dialogues. You suspect diabetes in your patient. Before doing a blood test ask him/her questions to find out the symptoms and details of the lifestyle:

1. A teacher of physics, 30 years old, 30 weeks pregnancy.

2. A student of economics, 20 years old, overweight.

3. An accountant, 43 years old, problems with eyesight and constant fatigue.

4. A saleswoman, 40 years old, dry and itchy skin of the hands, history of gestational diabetes.