Past Simple Present Perfect

1. указано (или точно известно 1. не указано, когда в прошлом совершилось

собеседникам) время в прошлом действие

yesterday

lastweek / month, etc. 2. указан не закончившийся период времени

5minutes / 2 years, etc. agotoday

in 1965 this week / year, etc.

the other day / week / month lately

when I was a kid recently

over the last 6 months / 4 days, etc.

2. если общеизвестно, что события

относятся к прошлому, а также если 3. со словами:

речь идёт об уже умерших людях just

Shakespeare wrote 37 plays. since

never

3. перечисляютсяпрошлыедействия ever

в хронологическомпорядке already

yet

sofar

uptonow

bynow

если нет ещё и указания на время в

прошлом

4) в конструкции

It’sthe1^st / 2^nd /…time …

Обратите внимание!

1. PresentPerfect чаще всего употребляется в начале разговора или сообщения, когда впервые упоминается о каком-то новом событии. После этого о деталях говорят уже в Past Simple.

– I’ve seen this performance. I saw it in New York.

– Did you like it?

– Not really.

1. I ’veheard aboutit thismorning. – Я слышал об этом сегодня утром. (разговор

тоже происходит утром)

I heard aboutit thismorning. – Я слышал об этом сегодня утром. (разговор

происходит, когда утро уже закончилось, например,

днём или вечером)

1. Если вопрос о прошлом событии начинается с When или Whattime, глагол в нём

всегда стоит в PastSimple.

Exercise 26. Complete the sentences in the way shown.

Ex.: I read a newspaper yesterday, but I haven’t read one today.

1. Chris attended all the lectures last term, but he … this term.

2. Barbara … last term, but she hasn’t missed many classes this term.

3. Our hockey team won a lot of games last season, but … this season.

4. The company … last year, but they haven’t made a profit since last year.

5. He downloaded a lot of music last week, but he … since last week.

6. … last month, but she hasn’t been to any concerts this month.

Exercise 27. Use the words in brackets to answer the questions.

Ex.: Have you called Bill? (10 minutes ago) =>

Yes, I called him 10 minutes ago.

1. Have you had your job interview yet? (yesterday)

2. Has the delegation arrived yet? (an hour ago)

3. Have you booked a table? (in the morning)

4. Have you ever been to the circus? (when I was a child)

5. Has your friend left? (5 minutes ago)

6. Have you written your essay yet? (at the weekend)

7. Have you seen any good films lately? (the other day)

Exercise 28. Turn the sentences into negatives and questions.

1. He’s just had lunch.
2. He had lunch at one o’clock.
3. They had a good time at the seaside.
4. They’ve had a good time tonight.
5. She made a lot of progress last term.
6. She’s made a lot of progress since last term.

LANGUAGE USE

AND COMMUNICATION