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Applied grammar. Task 11. Add the appropriate negative prefix a-, dis-, il-, im-, in-, ir-, non-, un- to the words to form the opposite meaning:






Task 11. Add the appropriate negative prefix a-, dis-, il-, im-, in-, ir-, non-, un- to the words to form the opposite meaning:

perfect; agree; legal; accurate; essential; regular; able; moral; patient; appear; reversible; typical; comfortable.

Task 12. Fill in the blanks with the necessary prepositions:

1. … the Charter they possess all the rights; 2. this matter was discussed … the highest level; 3. the organization has grown … influence; 4. without education he is seriously constrained … what he can actually achieve; 5. the work of the commission resulted … a draft of the agreement text; 6. this organization is not affiliated … any government; 7. the NGOs … contrast to the IGOs are more independent; 8. Commission … the Trade; 9. this IGO is devoted … fighting international crime; 10. he is very committed … his work.

Task 13. Open the brackets using gerund or infinitive:

1. Although the maintenance of peace was its primary purpose, the League failed... (to prevent) another world war; World War II erupted just 19 years after the League’s creation. 2. As a result, the Organization of African Unity(OAU) became a forum for African leaders to come together to discuss... (to set) common goals. 3. Environmental organizations have also criticized the WTO, arguing that the pursuit of free trade encourages countries... (to exploit) their resources without... (to pay) adequate attention to the environmental impact of those decisions. 4. The committee expects... (to decide) by tomorrow whether this new agreement should be signed. 5. The EU insists on all the member states... (to have) fully operative democratic political systems upholding the rule of law, respect for human rights, and functioning market economy. 6. No one could make them... (to sign) this treaty. 7. NATO postponed... (to admit) new countries until they fulfilled all the requirements. 8. Although states that do not pay their mandatory dues risk... (to lose) of their vote in the General Assembly, many states, including the US, are perpetually in arrears. 9. In 1947, the United Nations General AssemblyUNGA recommended... (to split) Palestine into two territories, one for Palestinians and one for Jews, thereby creating the state of Israel. 10. Some countries ratified the document, but France and the Netherlands voted it down, which in turn caused other countries... (to suspend) their ratification votes. 11. The Foreign secretary suggested... (to maintain) closest possible links with NATO. 12. The European Union is the only IGO which has managed... (to achieve) a relatively high level of economic integration. 13. Most countries cannot afford... (to hesitate) whether to cooperate with this powerful IGO. 14. They would rather... (to remain) independent than enter this organization, which limited their freedom. 15. Today, nations are required periodically... (to provide) the International Labour Organization(ILO) with reports on labour conditions within their countries.

Task 14. Fill in the gaps in the sentences using the words provided below:

involved; regrets; managed; risked; went on; failed; prepared; delayed; insisted on; demanded; seems; chose; offered; arranged; suggested.

1. The Secretary General … giving his opinion on the topic to the press till the next day. 2. The member-states … to have more votes. 3. Many IGOs … to help the newly proclaimed country in its development. 4. Switzerland … to be independent from any IGO. 5. It … to be clear that Environmental organizations will not support such policies, which harm nature. 6. The UNGA is the only organ of the UN that has … to gather representation from all member nation-states. 7. By signing this agreement the country … being denied the membership of many influential IGOs. 8. The UNSC … to make recommendations to the UNGA for the application of new members as well as for nominating the Secretary-General. 9. Studying the history of this IGO... investigating a lot of archive documents.10. The Prime Minister now... not having supported this policy. 11. The committee members... to meet in three days. 12. Unfortunately, they... to follow the advice of the international community. 13. He... asking help from INTERPOL. 14. The NATO representatives... considering this problem. 15. They … cooperating with non-profit organizations.

Task 15. Find and correct the mistakes in the text (there are 5 mistakes concerning the use of gerunds and infinitives):

As the demand for more international cooperation increased after World War I, states needed setting of uniform international laws governing trade and commerce. The first step toward this kind of IGO was that the UN decided developing the International Trade Organization (ITO). As governments considered to create the ITO, parallel discussions were occurring focusing on an expeditious way to reduce tariffs. The ITO effort ultimately failed achieve its goal, but the other talks, which discussed finding ways to reduce barriers to international trade led to the creation of a series of documents collectively referred to as the General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade (GATT). Although GATT was a treaty and not an IGO, it helped standardize international economic transactions. Becoming a member of GATT meant to observe certain rules of trade behaviour as they related to commodities. Nations were free to grant preferable trade relations with some countries while denying it to others. GATT managed operating as the primary international trade agreement for almost 50 years. In 1995 it was replaced by a formalized international trade regime known as the World Trade Organization(WTO).The WTO operates a system of trade rules, it attempts to liberalizetrade, and it provides a forum for governments to negotiate signing trade agreements.

Task 16. Give the full name of the organization which stands for the abbreviation. Find the Ukrainian equivalent of the name:

1. WHO; 2. EBRD; 3. ILO; 4. ISO; 5.IMF; 6. OSCE; 7. UNESCO; 8. CE; 9. WTO; 10. NATO; 11. UNICEF; 12. OPEC. 13. IAEA 14. UN 15. EU

 






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