Ex.6. Fill in the blanks with the prepositions if necessary and translate the sentences. Consult the box.

1) The engine-driver’s cab is equipped ___ new signaling devices. 2) The traffic police took drastic measures ___ drivers breaking the traffic safety rules. 3) The insurance company will pay ___ the damaged car. 4) The train cannot move ___ the same speed along the whole route ___ curves and up-grades. 5) The double-track railways are more convenient than single-track railways because the trains need not wait ___ the other trains to pass. 6) It was proposed to upgrade the existing railway track for high-speed movement ___ building a new one. 7) The heavy traffic ___ this section ___ track caused considerable delays ___ trains. 8) In some European countries tank wagons made ___ reinforced [армированный] plastics are used for carrying wine and fruit juices. 9) Any freight can be insured ___ damage and burglary. 10) This railway company is engaged ___ arranging freight service ___ large-tonnage containers.

against [2] at because of for [2] in [2] instead of of [3] on with

GRAMMAR REVIEW

(Gerund; attributive groups)

Ex.7. Translate the following sentences paying attention to Gerund as a subject (on the left) and Participle I as an adverbial modifier (on the right).

▪ Reading is to the mind what exercise is to → ▫ Reading books we come to know many useful

the body. and interesting things.

▪ Setting the problem is the first step to its → ▫ Setting a problem the scientist makes the first

solution. step to its solution.

▪ Learning a foreign language is a long and → ▫ Learning a foreign language you learn the

slow process that takes a lot of time culture and history of the country where this

and patience. language is spoken.

▪ Learning a foreign language requires → ▫ Learning a foreign language one has to learn

working regularly. grammar rules and new words by heart.

▪ Constructing railways took much time → ▫ Constructing the railway workers use various

before the invention of a track-laying machines and mechanisms.

machine.

▪ Smoking is forbidden in most public → ▫ Smoking a cigar Mr. Wargrave ran in an

places in the United States. interested eye through the political news in

“The Times”.

▪ Planning your work is necessary if you → ▫ Planning his work he manages to do a lot of

want to succeed at the Institute. things.

▪ Watching television too close or for a too → ▫ Watching television, listening to the radio,

long time is dangerous for your eyes. reading newspapers people get information

about what is happening in the world.

▪ Traveling abroad has become now much → ▫ Traveling through various time zones people

easier and cheaper than ever before. can feel tired and experience jetlag.