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FOCUS 2. Comprehension questions. ? What date is to be considered the date of delivery of the goods?






 

CLAUSE 4

? What date is to be considered the date of delivery of the goods?

 

CLAUSE 5

? What way of payment does the contract provide for?

? What are the terms of payment?

? What are the penalties stipulated in the contract in connection with delay in payment?

 

CLAUSE 6

? Which weight is to be considered final and binding upon both parties?

? How is the weight stated on the BL to be determined?

? Why should four samples be taken from the shore tanks?

 

CLAUSE 7

? What company are the Sellers to insure the goods with?

? What risks are the goods to be insured against?

? What amount are the goods to be insured for?

? In whose name is the Insurance Policy to be made out?

 

CLAUSE 8

? When are the Sellers to inform the Buyers of the name and capacity of the tanker chartered by them?

? Do the Sellers have the right to substitute one tanker for another one?

? What written notice is the Master of the vessel to give the Buyers’ representative on arrival of the tanker at the port of discharge?

? When is lay time to commence at the port of discharge?

? At what rate is demurrage to be paid?

 

CLAUSE 9

? When may the Buyers present claims on the Sellers for the quality of the goods?

? Are the Sellers entitled to refuse to consider any claim if it is presented by the Buyers later than two months after the date of delivery?

 

CLAUSE 10

? What are contingencies?

? What shall the parties do if the circumstances beyond their control arise?

? What is imperative to do when contingencies arise?


CLAUSE 11

? By what organization are any disputes arising out of the contract to be settled?

? Do the parties have the right to submit their differences for settlement to a general law court?

? Is the award of the arbitration binding upon the parties?

 

CLAUSE 12

? What is either party to obtain first if it wants to transfer its rights and obligations under the contract to a third party?

? Who is to pay taxes or customs duties levied outside the RF?

? Which country is regarded as the place of conclusion and fulfilment of the contract?

 

FOCUS 3. Study the notes, writing patterns and vocabulary.

NOTES

1. Язык контракта отличаетcя формализованным стилем (should the Buyer fail) с характерными для него грамматическими формами, например: возможны пропуски глагола to be (lay time to commence), артиклей, использование формы множественного числа со словами the Seller, the firm, имея в виду группу лиц, а не отдельное лицо (the Seller have) и т.д. В разговорной речи такие конструкции, как правило, не используют.

2. Refuse vs reject – при переводе этих глаголов необходимо помнить о смысловой разнице. Фразу «отказаться принять товар» можно перевести или to refuse to accept the goods или to reject the goods.

3. Dead freight vs Dead weight –не следует путать мертвый фрахт – deal freight – с полной грузоподъемностью судна – dead weight/capacity.

4. Stamp vs seal – в данном контракте to seal означает «опечатывать», «пломбировать» в отличие от to stamp в значении «штамповать».






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