Ex. 7. Put the proper forms of the conditionals.

1. If you … (to bring) me the book, I would have read it. 2. If he didn’t ring me up, I … (not to come). 3. If he … (not to write) to me, I wouldn’t have answered him. 4. If I … (to be) you, I would have apologized to her. 5. If he were in, he … (to answer) the phone. 6. If you … (to pass) your examination, we would have a celebration. 7. I wouldn’t have gone there if I … (to be) you. 8. You wouldn’t have so many accidents if you … (to drive) slowly. 9. What might happen if I … (to press) the button? 10. If he knew it was dangerous, he … (not to come).

Exercise 9. Translate these sentences into Russian.

1. If I have money we shall watch TV in the evening. 2. If we have money we shall travel. 3. If I am in town, I shall visit you. 4. If you worked hard during the academic year, you would have never failed at the exam. 5. If she were not so busy, she would come and see us. 6. If I were you I should accept the invitation. 7. If he were here he would help us. 8. I wish she were with us. 9. Had you warned me, nothing would have happened. 10. I wish he were in Minsk now.

Exercise 10. Write that you'd like the present situation to be different.

Example: I can't swim. I wish I could swim. - He smokes much. I wish he didn't smoke much.

1. John doesn't get on with his peers. 2. I do not keep in touch with my old friends. 3. My aunt takes everything to heart. 4. I know for sure what will happen. 5. Mary's parents don't approve of her boyfriend. 6. You never take any interest in business. He is not confident of success in chairing the department. 8. My future job means moving to another area. 9. Our pilot plant is situated far from the main production. 10. Sunset industries in Western economies always present different problems. They are now suffering from massive excess capacity.

Test

1. If he... the fish there, the kitten will get it.

a) will leave c) left

b) leave d) leaves

2. If you go to London where...?

a) do you stay c) would you stay

b) did you stay d) will you stay

3. You would understand it better if you... so much.

a) don't talk c) didn’t talk

b) did talk d) would not talk

4. If the story hadn't been true, the magazine... it.

a) would not have printed c) did not print

b) will not print d) would not printed

5. If the milkman... tell him to leave one bottle.

a) came c) come

b) comes d) has come

6. If you … the music too loud, you’ll wake up the neighbours.

a) play c) have played

b) will play d) played

7. If you … hard, you will enter the university.

a) will work c) are working

b) work d) have worked

8. If I … lots of money, I’ll help the poor.

a) will have c) have

b) had d) would have

9. If you work a bit harder, I am sure you … the exam.

a) pass c) have passed

b) will pass d) would pass

10. As soon as you … me, I will contact you.

a) calls c) called

b) will call d) call

Методические рекомендации к выполнению КСРС по теме «Герундий»

1. Изучить тему «Герундий»

2. Выполнить тезисный конспект следующих пунктов:

- определение герундия;

- функции герундия;

- герундий в активном и пассивном залоге.

Источник:

1.Хведченя Л.В., Хорень Р.В. Английский язык для поступающих в вузы. 9-е изд., перераб. и доп. - Мн.: Высшая школа, 1998 г. - 431 с.

2. Голицынский Ю.Б. Грамматика английского языка. Сборник упражнений

Выполнить упражнения на закрепление грамматического материала.

1. State the form of the Gerund. Translate the sentences into Russian.

1. I don't think the collection of essays is worth reprinting.

2. All of us enjoyed reading your letter. 3. She had the feeling of being watched. 4.1 thanked her for having made a list of all the things we ought to take along with us. 5. I hate being dis-turbed in my seat when the performance has started. 6. She denied having seen them in the shop. 7. After having read hundreds of books I came across one that made me think for myself. 8. Before going to the station I had to telephone my office on business. 9. Swimming every day is a good way of keeping fit. 10. You'll enjoy being in London.

2. State the form of the Gerund. Translate the sentences into Russian

1. She regrets having said all this to you. 2. She apologised for not telling the truth. 3. There seems no reason for such a society being founded. 4. Volume Five wants binding. 5. Which do you like better -reading or being read to? 6. Joe resents being treated like a child. 7. I really object to driving on busy holiday weekends. 8. The guitar needs tuning. 9. She recalled having been taken there when she was young. 10. She has vague memories of having been knocked by a motorbike.

3. Use the correct form of the Gerund of the verb in brackets. Translate into Russian.

1. Why do you avoid (see) me? 2. He tried to avoid (see). 3. We insist on (send) him there at once. 4. He insists on (send) there instead of me. 5. Do you mind (examine) the first? 6. He showed no sign of (know) them. 7. She showed no sign of (impress). 8. He had the most irritating habit of (joke) at the wrong moment. 9. I was annoyed at (interrupt) every other moment. 10. He hated (remind) people of their duties or (remind) of his.

4. Join two sentences to make one sentence using Gerund.

Model: Don't worry about it. It's no use.

It's no use worrying about it.

There is no point in worrying about it.

1. Don't try to escape. It's no use. 2. Don't smoke. It's waste of money. 3. Don't ask Tom to help you. It's no good, 4. Don't hurry. It's no worth it. 5. Don't study if you are feeling tired. There's no point. 6. Don't get angry. It's not worth it. 7. Don't work if you don't need the money. There's no point. 8. Don't give him much money. It's no good. 9. Don't blame yourself. There is no point. 10. Don't follow her advice if you don't trust her. There is no point.

5. Answer the questions according to the model.

Model: - Why didn't you tell him?

- It's no use telling him. It's no good telling him. or

- What's the point of telling him?

1. Why didn't you talk to him? 2. Why didn't you remind him? 3. Why didn't you complain? 4. Why didn't you suggest a remedy? 5. Why didn't you refuse? 6. Why didn't you offer a reward? 7. Why didn't you warn him? 8. Why didn't you go to the embassy? 9. Why didn't you demand compensation? 10. Why didn't you apply for that job? 11. Why didn't you leave? 12. Why didn't you oppose him?

6. Complete the sentences with a suitable word. Use each verb once only.

Model: 1.... is unhealthy but a lot people find it difficult to stop.

Smoking is unhealthy, but a lot people find it difficult to stop.

2. I'm fed up with... in the city - it's too dirty and crowded. 3. I enjoy... in the garden at weekends. 4. I ran ten kilometres without.... 5. He left the hotel without... his bill.

6. I was surprised that she left without... goodbye to anyone.

7. I'm not really interested in... to university. 8. That machine? Oh, it's used for... toasted sandwiches. 9. They don't like... and go everywhere by car. 10. They've given up... meat. 11. We were able to translate the letter into English without... a dictionary. 12. It was a very long journey. I was very tired after... on a train for 36 hours. 13. After... the same job for ten years, I felt I needed a change. 14.... children can be very tiring. 15. We are looking forward to... you. 16. They are very keen on... how to play chess. 17.... television seems to be our national sport. 18. I have decided to stop... in the evenings so that I can save some money for my holidays. 19. He's an artistic person - very good at... poetry. 20. She is going to continue... for another two years, until her exams..

7. Complete the sentences so that they mean the same as the sentences in brackets. Use the necessary prepositions.

Model: (Why is it useful to have a car?) What are the advantages of having a car?

1. (I don't intend to lend you any money.) I have no intention.... 2. (Helen has a good memory for names.) Helen is good.... 3. (Mark won't pass the exam. He has no chance.) Mark has no chance....4. (Did you get into trouble because you were late?) Did you get into trouble....5. (We didn't eat at home. We went to a restaurant instead.) Instead... .6. (Tom thinks that working is better than doing nothing.) Tom prefers working....7. (They got married. They didn't tell any of their friends.) They got married.... 8. (Our team played well but we lost the game.) Our team lost the game in spite of....9. (They wrote the list of guests then worked out the details of the party.) After.... 10. (He took the invitation. He didn't even thank her.) He took the invitation without....

8. Complete the sentences so that they mean the same as the sentences in brackets. Use the necessary prepositions.

Model: (Why is it useful to have a car?) What are the advantages of having a car?

1. (I don't intend to lend you any money.) I have no intention.... 2. (Helen has a good memory for names.) Helen is good.... 3. (Mark won't pass the exam. He has no chance.) Mark has no chance....4. (Did you get into trouble because you were late?) Did you get into trouble....5. (We didn't eat at home. We went to a restaurant instead.) Instead....6. (Tom thinks that working is better than doing nothing.) Tom prefers working....7. (They got married. They didn't tell any of their friends.) They got married.... 8. (Our team played well but we lost the game.) Our team lost the game in spite of....9. (They wrote the list of guests then worked out the details of the party.) After.... 10. (He took the invitation. He didn't even thank her.) He took the invitation without....

9. Complete the sentences using by + Gerund. Use one of the following:

borrow too much money; break a window; drive too fast; put

some posters up the walls; stand on a chair;

turn a key; follow her instructions; work day and night; slide

down ropes made of sheets;

explain the advantages of my plan; tell the truth; work regularly.

1. The burglars got into the house....2.1 was able to reach the top shelf.... 3. You start the engine of a car.... 4. Kevin got himself into financial difficulty....5. You can put people's lives in danger....6. We made the room look nicer....7. We found the house....8. You can improve your English....9. They were able to escape from fire.... 10. He managed to finish his job in time....

10. Write the correct preposition and write the correct form of the Gerund.

1. After a long time we eventually succeeded... a flat, (find) 2. I've been thinking... for a new job. (look) 3. His parents didn't approve... him... out so late, (stay) 4. I wonder what prevented him... to the party, (come) 5. I'm getting hungry. I'm looking forward... dinner, (have) 6. I don't feel... today, (study) 7. Forgive me... you but I must ask you a question, (interrupt) 8. The arrested man was suspected... into a house, (break) 9. Have you ever thought... married, (get)

10. I've always dreamed... on a small island in the Pacific, (live)

Выполнить тестовые задания по теме «Герундий»

1. He was suspected..... concealing important information from the police.

1. of

2. in

3. at

2...... washing up, she dropped a plate and nearly broke it.

1. while

2. without

3. by

3. I am sorry..... having broken my promise.

1. for

2. of

3. about

4. The conference closed..... discussing about a dozen reports.

1. by

2. after

3. before

5. Your reproach is not fair. I am surprised..... your having said this.

1. of

2. on

3. at

6. I know it’s my fault. I’d like to beg your pardon..... letting you down.

1. by

2. for

3. on

7. Mind your manners! You should wash your hands..... sitting down to dinner.

1. on

2. while

3. before

8. I prefer..... jeans in winter and light shorts in summer.

1. wearing

2. to wear

3. wear

9. She was a motherly soul. She asked me to come in and insisted..... my taking a cup of tea with the family.

1. in

2. on

3. at

10. I enjoy making practical jokes about people, but I hate..... fun of.

1. being made

2. to make

3. making

11. Where do you and your friends plan..... for the next summer vacations?

1. go

2. going

3. to go

12. Bob found himself in an awkward situation..... coming to see his friend too early.

1. without

2. for

3. through

13. My big grey cat Fluffy is good..... mice.

1. to catch

2. at catching

3. catch

14. Anne was able to keep the kids still..... telling them an interesting story.

1. by

2. on

3. instead of

15. I don’t have your book. I remember..... it back to you.

1. to be given

2. to give

3. giving

Методические рекомендации к выполнению КСРС по теме «Инфинитив»

3. Изучить тему «Инфинитив»

4. Выполнить тезисный конспект следующих пунктов:

- определение инфинитива;

- основные глагольные характеристики инфинитива;

- инфинитив и частица to;

- функции и формы инфинитива.

Источник:

1.Хведченя Л.В., Хорень Р.В. Английский язык для поступающих в вузы. 9-е изд., перераб. и доп. - Мн.: Высшая школа, 1998 г. - 431 с.

2. Голицынский Ю.Б. Грамматика английского языка. Сборник упражнений

Выполнить упражнения на закрепление грамматического материала.

1. Read and translate the sentences. Analyse the forms of infinitives:

1. I intend to start immediately. 2. They happened to be discussing something when I came in. 3. The patient wanted to be examined. 4. She didn't want to bother anyone and she didn't want to be bothered either. 5. Ann appears to have been typing since morning. 6. The child seems to be sleeping now. 7. She turned out to have been cleaning the house since morning. 8. My doctor told me to be thinking about something else while the plane was taking off, but it didn't do much good. 9. I am quite ashamed to have given you so much trouble. 10. It's great to have finished our exams!

2. Use the correct form of the infinitive of the verb in brackets.

1. Robert hopes (select) to play in next week's football match. 2. Sue and Richard are always arguing. They seem (have) a few problems. 3. I sent my suit (dry-clean). 4. I'm sorry (disturb) you, but could you tell me the time? 5. It is ever so kind of you (send) all those lovely flowers when I was ill. 6. If he is seriously ill, his wife wants (tell) immediately. 7. The money for charity is supposed (raise) by the organisers of the party. 8. The police are looking for a missing boy. He is believed (wear) a white pullover and blue jeans. 9. Everything is just the way it used (be). Nothing seems (change). 10. When we got to the airport, we found all the flights (cancel) that day.

3. Use the correct form of the infinitive of the verb in brackets.

1.1 meant (telephone), but I forgot. 2. You were silly (not lock) your car. 3. Why is she so late? - She can still (work). 4. You should (tell) you were coming. 5. I'm sorry (not come) last Thursday. 6. If you go out like that you're certain (recognise) sooner or later. 7. We hope (finish) the job by next Saturday. 8.1 would (go) to university if my parents had had more money. 9. Well, I am not sorry (miss) that train. I should not have met you otherwise. 10. There were always four little boys (pick up) balls and at least three dozen balls (pick up).

4. Paraphrase the following sentences using the infinitive active or passive.

1. She was sorry that she had missed so many classes before the exams. 2. Emma was surprised when she heard of his

sudden arrival. 3. She was extremely happy when she found her children safe and sound. 4. David was afraid that he would put on weight if he gave up smoking. 5. She was lucky enough that she'd been given another chance to admire the masterpiece. 6. The girl was out of breath. It seemed that she had been running. 7. When he felt worse, he was sorry that he hadn't consulted the doctor before. 8. You should give this matter top priority. 9. We expect they will invite us to the meeting with the management. 10. It is nice when someone is waiting on you at dinner.

5. Define the infinitives in the functions of a subject, predicative, part of a predicative and object in the following sentences. Translate the sentences into Russian.

1. To drive fast in such weather is pretty dangerous. 2. What is more pleasant: to love or to be loved? 3. Her habit is to put five lumps of sugar in her tea. 4. Sociable people are easy to deal with. 5. I asked her to explain everything. 6. It's a funny thing about life: if you refuse to accept anything but the best, you very often get it. 7. It is necessary to be patient when you get in a traffic jam. 8. To take money from him was like robbing a child. 9. The only way to get the best of an argument is to avoid it. 10. Everything comes to him who knows how to wait.

6. Combine the two ideas into one sentence, using verb + (not) + to-infinitive, as in the examples given.

Model: He says that he'll never tell another lie. He's promised. He's promised never to tell another lie.

1. John won't help me any more. He's refused. 2. We're going on holiday to Spain. We've decided. 3. You needn't come with me to the station. Don't bother! 4. He says he doesn't know what I mean. He's only pretending. 5. Bill says he'll lend me the necessary money. In fact, he's promised. 6. How about inviting Robert this weekend instead of next. I'd prefer it. 7. I caught the last train after all. I just managed it. 8.1 wish I could visit my aunt in New York. I can't afford it. 9. We'll be staying with friends in Munich at Easter. We've arranged it all. 10. Jim will give me a lift to work tomorrow morning. He's already offered.

7. Put “to” before the infinitive where it is necessary.

1. My son asked me … let him … go to the club.

2. You must make him … practice an hour a day.

3. She was made … repeat the song.

4. He is not sure that it can … be done, but he is willing … try.

5. Let me … help you with your work.

6. She asked me … read the letter carefully and … write an answer.

7. You ought … take care of your health.

8. I looked for the book everywhere but could not … find it.

9. He was seen … leave the house.

10. We had … put on our overcoats because it was cold.

11. The man told me not … walk on the grass.

12. Have you heard him … play the piano?

13. You had better … go there at once.

14. I would rather not … tell them about it.

15. We shall take a taxi so as not … miss the train.

8. Use the appropriate form of the infinitive.

1. They want (to take) to the concert by their father.

2. I am glad (to do) all the homework yesterday.

3. This plant is known (to produce) tractors.

4. He wants his son (to become) a lawyer.

5. The enemy army was reported (to overthrow) the defense lines and (to advance) towards the suburbs of the city.

6. He seems (to know) French very well: he is said (to spend) his youth in Paris.

7. You had better (to call) our distributors at once.

8. We are happy (to invite) to the party.

9. That firm is reported (to conduct) negotiations for the purchase of sugar.

10. It seemed (to snow) heavily since early morning: the ground was covered with a deep layer of snow.

11. He didn’t hear me (to knock) at the door.

12. I want (to inform) of her arrival.

13. Our sportsmen are proud (to win) the cup.

14. He is known (to work) on the problem for many years.

15. The representative of the firm asked for the documents (to send) by air mail.

Выполнить тестовые задания по теме «Инфинитив»

1. Greg’s wife gave him a long list of things..... at the supermarket.

1. to buy

2. to be bought

3. To have been bought

4. to have bought

2. It was nice of you..... me your Grammar book. Without it I would have been lost.

1. to lend

2. to be lending

3. to have lent

4. to be lent

3. Can anybody..... me how to use a computer?

1. show

2. be showing

3. have shown

4. be shown

4. My friend Marion is coming from Chile. I am sorry not..... about it earlier.

1. to tell

2. to be told

3. to have been told

4. to have told

5. Everything comes to him who knows how......

1. to have waited

2. to be waiting

3. to have been waiting

4. to wait

6. Tom had an accident because he had exceeded speed limit. He shouldn’t..... so fast.

1. drive

2. be driving

3. have driven

4. have been driving

7. I hoped..... you by phone, but I couldn’t. Why didn't you pick up the receiver?

1. to reach

2. to have reached

3. to be reaching

4. to have been reaching

8. Modern art is when you buy a picture..... a hole in the wall – and decide that the hole looks better.

1. to cover

2. to be covering

3. To have covered

4. to have been covering

9. Jack is in his garage. He must..... his car.

1. be repairing

2. have been repairing

3. repair

4. have repaird

10. What did you come here for? It is mean of you..... our holiday.

1. to spoil

2. to be spoiling

3. to have spoilt

4. to have been spoilt

11. The only way to get the best of an argument is..... it.

1. to be avoiding

2. to have avoided

3. to have been avoiding

4. to avoid

12. They must have taught him a lesson. It ought to..... long ago.

1. be done

2. have been done

3. do

4. have done

13. A great mistake that you can make in life is..... you are always right.

1. to have thought

2. to think

3. to be thinking

4. to have been thinking

14. Joan likes taking care of sick animals. She is pleased..... this kind of work all the time.

1. to have been doing

2. to be doing

3. to have done

4. to do

15. I am awfully sorry..... you in this stupid way.

1. to bother

2. to be bothering

3. to have bothered

4. to be bothered

Тема: Времена английского глагола действительного залога

Изучите образование и особенности употребления настоящих и прошедших времен английского глагола по таблицам № 1 и № 2. (таблицы прилагаются)