Exercise 12. Open the brackets put the verbs into the appropriate tense

1. Kidney stones (to result) from the growth of crystal into stones.

2. Nephrolithiasis (to be) more common in men.

3. Dietary restrictions (not to advice) in nephrolithiasis.

4. Diuretics sometimes (to administer) to treat kidney stones.

5. Treatment of acute stones events (to depend) on the size of the stone.

6. Many patients who (to have) a kidney stone, (to have) another one.

7. Calcium stones usually (to cause) by high intake of certain substances, such as salt.

8. This patient (to complain) of frequent and painful urination for 10 days.

Exercise 13. Read the definition and fill in the blanks with the words given in brackets:

1. Any non-inflammatory degenerative kidney disease - …..

2. Pain in a kidney - ….

3. A medical instrument for examination the urethra - ….

4. Surgical removal of a kidney - ….

5. Plastic surgery on the pelvis - ….

6. Any pelvis disease - ….

(Pyeloplasty, nephrosis, nephralgia, urethroscope, pyelitis, nephrectomy)

Exercise 14. Translate the sentences into English:

1. Ниркова коліка виникає, коли камінь закупорює сечовід.

2. Повторна закупорка сечоводу може призвести до піонефрозу чи гідронефрозу.

3. Доведено, що велике каміння може призвести до руйнування та повної втрати нирки.

4. Ниркова коліка супроводжується нестерпним болем, нудотою, блюванням та частим сечовипусканням.

5. Щоб виявити камені в нирках, аналіз крові та сечі призначається.

6. Деякі ліки можуть попередити утворення каменів або допомогти роздробити існуючі.

7. Іноді камені можуть бути присутні в нирках протягом кількох років без ніяких симптомів.

8. Хірургічне втручання необхідне, якщо камені дуже великі.

Exercise 15. Read and try to guess what this dialogue is about:

Doctor: Are you having any trouble with your waterworks?

Mr. Jones: Well, I do seem to have to go to the toilet more often that I used to.

Doctor: How often is that?

Mr. Jones: It depends, but sometimes it’s every hour or even more often.

Doctor: What about at night? Do you have to get up at night?

Mr. Jones: Yes. Nearly always two or three times.

Doctor: Do you get any burning or pain when you pass water?

Mr. Jones: No, not usually.

Doctor Do you have any trouble getting started?

Mr. Jones: No.

Doctor: Is the stream normal? I mean is there still a good strong flow?

Mr. Jones: Perhaps not quite so good as it used to be.

Doctor: Do you ever lose control of your bladder? Any leaking or dribbling?

Mr. Jones: Well, perhaps a little dribbling from time to time.

Doctor: Have you ever passed blood in the urine?

Mr. Jones: No, never.

Exercise 16. Describe the term “Nephrolithiasis” according to the table:

Завдання для самостійної роботи студентів (СРС)

Test

1. The manifestation of renal calculi are....

a) rare b) frequent c) constant d) variable e) unchangeable

2. In many instances stones are carried in the kidneys for...

a) hours b) days c) years d) weeks e) several minutes

3. More commonly, a mild infection develops in the pelvis about the stone and involves... of the kidney.

a) nephron b) body c) cortex d) artery e) medulla

4. The infection may progress to....

a) cancer b) pyonephrosis c) nephritis d) pyelonephritis

e) glomerulonephritis

5. Calcium oxalate stones usually are....

a) small and hard b) large and soft c) irregular d) enormous e) tiny

6. Migration of a stone may cause... with resultant stasis, infection and clinical manifestations.

a) destruction b) inflammation c) necrosis d) cyanosis; e) obstruction

7. When a stone enters and obstructs the ureter,... occurs.

a) inflammation b) renal colic c) necrosis d) pain e) nephritis

8. Persistent or repeated obstruction leads to....

a) nephritis b) pyelonephritis c) glomeronephritis d) pyonephrosis e) acute inflammation

9. Examination reveals... over the involved kidney and ureter.

a) acute pain b) severe inflammation c) slight soreness d) calculus

e) no pain

10. Anuria and uremia ensue if the obstruction is....

a) lateral b) bilateral c) partial d) complete; e) long-term

Exercise 1. Topic Vocabulary:

Exercise 2. Read the word combinations and sentences with the new words and translate them into Ukrainian:

Vision: blurred vision; double vision; field of vision; to lose one’s vision; to have another vision; tunnel vision. The troops were slowly advancing through the fields using night vision goggles. The optician told me I had twenty-twenty vision.

Deficiency: insulin deficiency; deficiency disease; Zinc deficiency.

Absorption: glucose absorption; intestinal drug absorption; molecular absorption; gas absorption.

Failure: the body’s failure; heart failure; kidney failure. Failure is the first step to success. Fear of failure must never be a reason not to try something.

Changes: gradual changes; a change for the better; metabolic changes.

Exercise 3. Complete the table with the missing words (you may need a dictionary):

Exercise 4.Translate the following word combinations into Ukrainian:

Insulin deficiency, gestational diabetes, treatable forms, the most common type, glucose absorption, a common complaint, rapid vision changes, inherited diabetes, gradual changes, subtle development, prolonged high blood glucose, suspected cases, to use properly, blurred vision, prescribed therapy, self-glucose monitoring.

Exercise 5. Read and translate the text: