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Topic 5: Political system of RF






 

Russia is democratic federative law-governed state with a republican of government. The RF consists of 84 constituent entities (republics, krays, oblasts, autonomous okrugs, which have equal rights). The authorities of the constituent entities have the right to pass laws independently from the federal government. Otherwise the Russian President has the right to suspend laws, passed by local executive authorities in case that these acts conflict with federal laws of Russia. State power in RF is carried out by dividing power into 3 independent branches: legislative, executive, judicial. Legislative belongs to the Federal Assembly (The Parliament). Executive power belongs to the central and local governments. Judicial is divided by the appropriate judicial system and by civil, administrative, criminal legislation. The President is the head of a state and determines the basic adjectives of the internal and external policy of the state. He is elected for 6 years on the basis of the universal, equal and direct suffrage by secret allot for all eligible citizens. The President nominates to the State Duma a candidate for appointment to the post of the Chairman of the Central Bank, for the posts of the Constitutional and Supreme Courts justices, Higher Arbitration Court justices and a candidate for the post of the Prosecutor General. He forms and heads the Security Council. The President is the Supreme Commander-in-Chief. His duty is to appoint diplomatic representatives for approval by the Parliament. He has the right to show mercy and to decide on issues of citizenship, to introduce the state of emergency. The President has the right to dissolve the State Duma. The Federal Assembly- the Parliament is the representative and legislative body of RF. Federal laws adopted by the State Duma on the following issues must compulsorily be examined by the Federation Council:

1) the Federal budget

2) federal taxes and levies

3) money emission

4) ratification and denunciation of international treaties of the RF

5) war and peace.

The Federal Council has the right of final decision on the impeachment of the President and the announcement of new elections. The following is within the jurisdiction of the State Duma:

-consent to the appointment of the Chairman of the Government by the RF President.

-deciding the issue of confidence in the Government.

-announcement of amnesty.

The executive power is exercised by the Government, which consists of the Chairman, deputy chairman and federal ministers. The Government introduces a draft budget to be discussed by the State Duma, ensures state security, realization of foreign policy. The Government ensures the implmentaton of a uniform state police in the sphere of culture, science, education, health etc.






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