As long as, providing/provided that, can be used instead of if.

As long as he's on time, we won't be late for the meeting. (If he's on time, we won't be late for the meeting.)

We'll come by car provided/providing that Father lends us his. (We'll come by car if Father lends us his.)

Fill in: if, unless, provided or as long.

1. You will not be allowed into the building unless you have a security pass.
2. ________________________ that you book your flight early, you will get a seat.
3. ________________________ as you follow the instructions exactly, you won't have any difficulty.
4. ________________________ you meet Darren, give him my regards.
5. You can hire a car in France __________________ as you have a driving licence and you're over 23.
6. You can't enter the country ____________________ you have a passport.
7. The kidnappers won't release the child ___________________ the ransom is paid

1. Expand these notes to make a sentence beginning with the word(s) given. You will need to decide the order in which to place them. Use the present simple in the first clause and will or won't in the order in the second.

1) he / need/complete rest / another two months he / come out / hospital

After he comes out of hospital, he will need complete, rest for another two months.

2) I decide / buy / the house I /have / look at / an expert

Before...

3) we / not let her / walk / school alone she / a little olden'

Until …

4) he / take / work more seriously he / fail / his exams

Unless …

5) one pen / run out I / take two into / exam room

In case...

6) I / meet you outside / cinema / 8.00 I / not / see you after school

If...

7) traffic/ not too bad I / pick you up / work

Provided …

1. Complete these sentences using the verbs in brackets. All the sentences are about the future. Use will/won't or the present simple (I see / he plays / it is etc.).

1) I ‘ll phone (phone) you when I get (get) home from work.

2) I want to see Margaret before she ______________ (go) out.

3) We're going on holiday tomorrow. I _____________ (tell) you all about it when we __________________ (come) back.

4) Brian looks very different now. When you _____________ (see) him again, you ___________ (not/recognise) him.

5) We must do something soon before it _______________ (be) too late.

6) I don't want to go without you. I __________________ (wait) until you ________________ (be) ready.

7) Sue has applied for the job but she isn't very well qualified for it. I _________________ (be) surprised if she _______________ (get) it.

8) I'd like to play tennis tomorrow if the weather _____________ (be) nice.

9) I'm going out now. If anybody ____________ (phone) while I ____________ (be) out, can you take a message?

1. Make one sentence from two.

1) You will be in London again. You must come and see us then.

You must come and see us when you are in London again.

2) I'll find somewhere to live. Then I'll give you my address.

I __________________ when _____________________.

3) I'll do the shopping. Then I'll come straight back home.

_____________________ after ____________________________.

4) It's going to start raining. Let's go home before that.

________________ before _______________________________.

5) She must apologise to me first. I won't speak to her until then.

____________________ until _____________________________.

1. Read the situations and complete the sentences.

1) A friend of yours is going to visit London. You want to know where she is going to stay.

You ask: Where are you going to stay when you are in London?

2) A friend of yours is visiting you. She has to go soon but maybe there's time for a cup of tea.

You ask: Would you like a cup of tea before ______________________?

3) Your friend is reading the newspaper. You'd like it after her.

You ask: Can I have the newspaper when _________________________?

4) You want to sell your car. Jim is interested in buying it but he hasn't decided yet.

You ask: Can you let me know as soon as __________________________?

5) There are serious traffic problems in your town but they arc building a new road.

You say: I think it will be better when _____________________________.

1. Put in when or if.

1) Don't worry if I'm late tonight.

2) Tom might phone while I'm out this evening _________ he does, can you take a message?

3) I'm going to Rome next week. _________ I'm there, I hope to visit a friend of mine.

4) I think Jill will get the job. I'll be very surprised __________ she doesn't get it.]

5) I'm going shopping __________ you want anything, I can get it for you.

6) I'm going away for a few days. I'll phone you __________ I get back.

7) I want you to come to the party but __________ you don't want to come, that's all right.

8) We can eat at home or, _________ you prefer, we can go to a restaurant.

1. Put in the verbs in the correct form.

Model: If they offer me the position, I shall accept it.

If you don’t like this one, I won’t take it.

1) to come If you... to my place, I'll show you lots of snaps.

2) to get If you don't take your umbrella, you... wet to the skin.

3) not to be If Maggie... careful, she'll spoil her new dress.

4) to go If they invite me, I... with them.

5) to behave If you... well. Г11 buy you some chocolates.

6) to gel in If you leave the window open, the flies....

7) not to arrive If you don't post your parcel now, it... before Christmas.

8) to bite If you don't stop teasing the dog. it... you.

9) to leave I shan't be able to finish my work in time unless you... me

alone.

10)to pay If Jane... her maid regularly, she won't have any difficulties

with her.

11)to buy If you are diligent. I... you a clock-work train.

12)to go Lewis... to university if he gets a grant.

13)to spoil If you eat too many sweets, you... your teeth.

14)not to come Unless you tell me the truth... I to see you again.

15)to bark The dog... if you knock at the door.

16)to have Unless you drive carefully, you... an accident.

17)to work Unless Betty... very hard, she will be sent down.

18)to see If you come to the National Gallery in London, you... a fine

collection of the English painter Turner.

19)to study If you... chemistry, you will earn a lot of money later on.

20)to catch If Evelyn... the five o'clock train, she will be in London

before midnight.

SUBJUNCTIVE MOOD PRESENT (Type 2)

1. Write questions using if which might produce the following answers.

1. What would you do if someone gave you a diamond necklace? probably give it to my mother.
2. ____________________________________? I'd share it with my friends.
3. ____________________________________? I'd call the police.
4. ________________________________? We'd get out as fast as we could.
5. ______________________________? I'd ask my teacher's advice about it.
6. ____________________________________? He'd be extremely angry.
7. ____________________________________? She'd probably fall over.
8. ____________________________________? I'd be late for class.
9. ____________________________________? We'd sail around the world.
10. __________________________________? They'd never make any money.
11. ______________________________________? There'd be no more wars.

2. Look at the questions you wrote for 1. Now write your own answers to some of your questions.

1. What would you do if someone gave you a diamond necklace? I’d sell it and buy a horse.
2. ____________________________________________________________
3. ____________________________________________________________
4. ____________________________________________________________
5. ____________________________________________________________
6. ____________________________________________________________
7. ____________________________________________________________
8. ____________________________________________________________
9. ____________________________________________________________
10. ____________________________________________________________

3. Answer the questions in the way shown.

1) A: Shall we catch the 10.30 train?

B: No. (arrive / too early). If we caught the 10.30 train, we'd arrive too early.

2) A: Is Ken going to take the examination?

B: No. (fail) If he ______________________________________________.

3) A: Why don't we stay at a hotel?

B: No. (cost too much money) If __________________________________.

4) A: Is Sally going to apply for the job?

B: No. (not / get it) If ___________________________________________

5) A: Let's tell them the truth.

B: No. (not / believe us) If _______________________________________

6) A: Why don't we invite Bill to the party?

B: No. (have to invite his friends too)

4. Use your own ideas to complete these sentences.

1. If you took more exercise, you'd feel better.
2. I'd feel very angry if ___________________________________________.
3. If I didn't go to work tomorrow, __________________________________.
4. Would you go to the party if _____________________________________
5. If you bought some new clothes, __________________________________
6. Would you mind if _____________________________________________

5. Put the verb into the correct form.

1) They would be rather offended if I didn't go to see them. (not/go)

2) If you took more exercise, you would feel better. (feel)

3) If I was offered the job, I think I _______________________ it. (take)

4) I'm sure Amy will lend you the money. I'd be very surprised if she ________________ (refuse)

5) If I sold my car, I ______________________ much money for it. (not/get)

6) A lot of people would be out of work if the factory ______________ (close down)

7) What would happen if I...................................................that red button? (press)

8) Liz gave me this ring. She ___________________ very upset if I lost it. (be)

9) Mark and Carol are expecting us. They would be disappointed if we ______________ (not/ come)

10)Would Tim mind if I ________________ his bicycle without asking him? (borrow)

11)If somebody __________________ in here with a gun, I'd be very frightened. (walk)

12)I'm sure Sue ___________________ if you explained the situation to her. (understand)

6. Put in the verbs in the correct form

Model: a) If he asked me, I would not give him an answer,

b) If I had the book now, I would lend it to you.

1) to leave If you... now. you would get there on time.

2) to buy If Lillian had enough money, she... a new swimming-

costume.

3) to be If I... you, I would write a book on Ireland.

4) to speak If Mr. Morrell... German more slowly, he would not make so many mistakes.

5) to go If you... by train, you would arrive by seven o'clock.

6) to try Even if he... a dozen times, he would not succeed.

7) not to drink I... this dirty water, if I were you.

8) to be If I.... Rich enough. I would buy a fur coat.

9) to have If I... a sewing machine. I would make all my own clothes.

10)to win If I... a large sum of money on the pools, I would spend my

holidays abroad.

11)to win If you... the first prize in the lottery, what would you do?

12)to be We would go boating if the weather... warmer this

afternoon.

13)to dress If Kathy... differently, she would look nicer.

14)to have I would make more mince pies, if I... more mincemeat.

15)to be If I... you, I wouldn't go and see that film.

7. Complete the questions in the conversations.

1) EVA: I don't know what's happened to my dictionary. I've looked everywhere for it.

SUE: What will you do if you don't find it?

EVA: I suppose I'll have to buy a new one.

2) TIM: I'm thinking of applying for the manager's job.

ANN: Really? How _________________if ________________?

TIM: Oh, about £ 2, 000 a year more than now, I suppose.

3) MAY: I don't know what I'm going to do about money. I can't even pay this week's rent.

LEE: __________________ if __________________?

MAY: Well, it would help, of course. But I can't borrow from you.

LEE: Don't be silly. How much do you want?

4) IAN: This room is so dark and dull.

PHIL: What _________________ if ________________?

IAN: White, I think. And I'd have white curtains.

PHIL: You'd spend a lot of time cleaning it.

IAN: But at least I'd be able to see!

5) BILL: I don't think I'm going to pass my driving test next week.

BEN: What _________________ if ________________?

BILL: I won't be able to get the job I want at the warehouse. They said I must be able to drive.

8. Lisa is talking to her tutor about what she might do when she leaves college. Use the words given to make sentences.

TUTOR: Do you have any plans for next year?

LISA: Well, (1) I / travel / if I / afford it. But I don't have any money.

I’d travel, if I could afford it.

TUTOR: (2) If you / find / a job abroad / you / take it?

__________________________________________________

LISA: (3) If it / be / somewhere I want to go /I / certainly / consider it carefully.

__________________________________________________

TUTOR: What about working as an 'au pair'?

LISA: (4) I / only / consider / that if I / be / sure about the family.

__________________________________________________

(5) If they / not / treat / me well, /I / be very miserable.

__________________________________________________

TUTOR: Yes. (6) You / have to be sure to use a reputable agency.

___________________________________________________

We have a list in the office. (7) I / get / you one if you / be interested.

LISA: Yes, I am. Um, (8) if I / decide / to apply / you / give / me a reference?

____________________________________________________

TUTOR: Of course. Well, I hope you succeed, whatever you decide to do.

LISA: Thank you very much. I'll let you know.

TUTOR: Yes, I'd like that. Goodbye.

LISA: Goodbye.

9. Open the brackets.

1) Sabine: If somebody (see) us with our dictionary, they (call) us crazy.

2) Scott: I don’t I think it (be) so nice if adults (he) at the party.

3) Uwe: We (never learn) all these words if Sabine (not bring) her dictionary.

4) Gillian: If a teacher (tell) me all these English words. I (forget) them at once.

5) Colin: If my friend Nick (know) about all his, he (take) part in the exchange too.

10. Finish the sentences.

1) If I could have a dinner with a celebrity...

2) If air travel were loss expensive...

3) If' everyone in the world spoke the same language …

4) If countries opened their borders to everyone …

5) If I could take six month's paid vacation starting tomorrow …

11. Complete the sentences following the pattern of Type 2 conditionals.

1) Perhaps he …, if you spoke to him.

2) If you changed your job you …

3) If you went to see a doctor he …

4) If we bought a house in the country, we …

5) If they came to see us in London, we …

6) If you took the shoes back to the shop they …

7) If you read the book a second time you...

12. Write conditional sentences based on the given facts.

1) Since she doesn't love him, she won't marry him.

2) Our teacher explains things clearly, so we understand her lessons.

3) As I have no watch, I can't tell you the time.

4) Since I know the meaning of the word. I don't have look it up.

5) This exercise is easy, so everyone will get the correct answers.

13. Complete the sentences following one of the pattern for conditionals of Type 2.

1) What … if you were in my shoes?

2) If … I wouldn't think of changing my job.

3) How would you react if …?

4) If only you would read more carefully...

5) Do you think I would be telling you this if...?

6) I wouldn't buy the picture even if …

7) Even if he knew the truth what …?

8) If only he would admit he was wrong …

9) I'd much rather you …

10)It might only add to our difficulties if....

14. Put the verbs in the correct tense and form.

JENNY: If Nick got more pocket money, he would waste (waste) it all on stupid things.

NICK That isn't true. If I had more money, I ¹________________ (spend) it on a leather jacket.

TOM If I ² ________________ (win) a lottery, I would buy a CD-player.

NICK I³ ___________________ (not buy) a CD-player, if I were you. They're much too expensive.

JENNY If I had more money, I ⁴ ________________ (save) it for a trip to Australia.

NICK If I⁵ ________________ have) a lot of money, I ⁶ _______________ (buy) a motor bike.

TOM I ⁷ ______________ (not buy) a motor bike if I ⁸ _______________ (be) you. They are too dangerous.

NICK If we⁹ ______________ (not get) so much homework, I ¹⁰ _____________ (deliver) newspapers every morning.

TOM What has homework got to do with a morning paper-round?

JENNY Well, you see, Nick does his homework between getting up and eating breakfast.

15. If …

a) What would or wouldn't you do, if you got more pocket money? Write five sentences.

ü If I got more pocket money, I would buy more clothes.

ü If I got more pocket money, I wouldn’t complain so much.

1. ______________________________________________________

2. ______________________________________________________

3. ______________________________________________________

4. ______________________________________________________

5. ______________________________________________________

b) If you could spend a day with a famous person, who would you choose? What would you do? Where would you go? What would you talk about?

Say four sentences.

ü If I could spend a day with a famous person, I would choose Julia Roberts. I would go to Hollywood with her...

16. Put the verb into the correct form.

1) They would be rather offended if I didn't go to see them. (not/go)

2) If you took more exercise, you would feel better. (feel)

3) If I was offered the job, I think I _______________ it. (take)

4) I'm sure Amy will lend you the money. I'd be very surprised if she ____________ (refuse)

5) If I sold my car, I ________________ much money for it. (not/get)

6) A lot of people would be out of work if the factory _________________ (close down)

7) What would happen if I _______________________ that red button? (press)

8) Liz gave me this ring. She ______________________ very upset if I lost it. (be)

9) Mark and Carol are expecting us. They would be disappointed if we _______________ (not/ come)

10) Would Tim mind if I ______________________ his bicycle without asking him? (borrow)

11) If somebody _____________________ in here with a gun, I'd be very frightened. (walk)

12) I'm sure Sue ____________________ if you explained the situation to her. (understand)

17. You ask a friend questions. Use What would you do if...?

1) (Maybe one day your friend will win a lot of money.)

What would you do if you won a lot of money?

2) (Your friend's car has never been stolen but perhaps one day it will be.)

What _________________________________________________________

3) (Perhaps one day your friend will lose his/her passport.)

___________________________________________________________

4) (There has never been a fire in the building.)

____________________________________________________________