по учебной дисциплине

Отделение среднего профессионального образования

УТВЕРЖДАЮ

Заместитель директора по УР

____________Т.А. Могиленских

_________________ 2015 г.

Задания для самостоятельной работы

по учебной дисциплине

ИНОСТРАННЫЙ ЯЗЫК ОГСЭ.03

(наименование дисциплины)

г. Лесной, 2015 г.

Text 1

Dynamo Solar Radio

Key features: This equipment has

· a radio

· a thermometer

· a compass

· a torch

· a clock

· an alarm

Power sources

· It uses electricity from four sources of power:

· an AC adapter This connects the mains electricity supply to the radio.

· 3 external AA batteries.

· a solar panel. This changes the Sun's energy into electricity and charges an internal battery.

· a dynamo generator. The handle turns the dynamo. The dynamo produces electricity and charges the internal battery.

Text 2

Directions.

1. Passenger planes can fly forwards, and can turn to the left and to the right. But they cannot fly backwards or sideways. They can fly diagonally up and down, but they cannot fly straight up or straight down.

Helicopters can fly forwards, straight up and down, sideways and backwards.

Planes and helicopters can both rotate. Planes and helicopters can rotate on their horizontal axis. Helicopters can also rotate on their vertical axis

2. The human arm can move in seven different directions. The arm has three pivots: the wrist, the elbow and the shoulder. The wrist can move in three different directions. At the wrist, the hand can move up and down about 90°. It can move from side to side about 70º. and it can rotate about 180°. The shoulder can move in the same three directions, but different angles. It can rotate about 20 º. The elbow can only move in one direction.

At the elbow, the forearm can only move up and down. It cannot move sideways or rotate.

Text 3

Remote control transmitter for model plane

User manual

Look at the diagram of the transmitter. There are two joysticks. One is on the left. This is the left-hand (LH) stick. The other is on the right. This is the right-hand (RH) stick.

Now look at the LH joystick. This controls the speed and the direction of the plane. Push the LH stick up (away from you) and me plane accelerates. Pull it down (towards you) and toe plane slows down. Slide the stick to the left and the plane turns left. Slide it to the right and it turns right.

Now look at the RH joystick. This controls the roll and the tilt of the plane. Push the RH stick up (away from you) and the plane descends (or goes down). Pull it down (towards you) and the plane ascends (or goes up). Slide the stick to the left and the plane rolls to the left. Slide it to the right and it rolls to the right.

Your action

1 Move the LH stick up.

2 Pull the LH stick down.

3 Move the LH stick to the left.

4 Move the LH stick to the right.

5 Move the RI1 stick up.

6 Pull the RH stick clown.

7 Move the RH stick to the left.

8 Move the RH stick to the right.

The plane’s action

a) The plane goes to the left.

b) The plane goes faster.

c) The plane goes down.

d) The plane goes more slowly.

e) The plane rolls to the left.

f) The plane goes up.

g) The plane rolls to the right.

h) The plane moves to the right.

Text 4

Actions

In the diagram, you can see the controls of the forklift truck. On the left is a lever.

This is the direction lever (1). Push this lever forwards, and the truck moves

forwards. Pull it backwards, and the truck reverses. Next you can see the steering

wheel (2). This turns the truck to the left and right. At the top, on the right,

you can see two levers. Push the left-hand lever (3) forwards, and the fork

moves up. Pull it back, and the fork moves down. Push the right-hand lever

(4) forwards, and the fork tilts up. Pull it back, and the fork tilts down. At the

bottom, on the right, you can see a lever. This is the parking brake (5). At

the bottom, you can see two pedals. The LH pedal is the brake (6) The RH

pedal is the accelerator (7).

Text 5

Heating system

The main parts of this system are water pipes, a solar water panel, a water tank, an Inlet, a valve and a shower head. The tank is above the solar panel.

Cold water enters the system through the inlet. It then flows into the tank. From here the water flows into the solar panel.

The Sun heats the water in the panel. The hot water rises and flows from the panel into the tank. In the tank, hot water stays at the top and cold water sinks to the bottom.

When you open the valve, hot water is flows from the tank, through the valve, to the shower head. Here it finalIy leaves the system.

Text 6

Solar panel

How does the solar power system work? The panel converts the Suns energy into a DC electric current. The current flows to the controller. Then it can flow from the controller to the lamps. Or it can flow from the controller into the battery. The battery stores the electricity. The current can flow from the battery into the lamps through the controller.

If the Sun shines, the DC current can flow from the panel, through the controller and into the lamps. If the Sun doesn't shine, the current can flow from the battery, through the controller and into the lamps. If the lamps are off, the current can flow from the panel, through the controller, and into the battery.

The controller controls the flow of the current. If the battery is full, the controller stops the flow from the panel into the battery. If the battery is empty, the controller stops the flow from the battery into the lamps.

Text 7

Car cooling system

The engine drives the water pump and the pump pushes cool water around the engine. This cools the engine. At the same time, the water becomes hot. The water in a hot engine is normally around 110 С. s The hot water then passes through the thermostat. This controls the temperature of the engine. From the thermostat, it flows through the top hose into the radiator. Here a fan cools the water, and the cool water sinks to the bottom of the radiator. The cool water then leaves the radiator. It flows along the bottom hose, passes through the pump and enters the engine again.

Text 8

Materials.

This racing car is made from the latest hi-tech engineering materials. It's made from metals, alloys, ceramics, plastics and composites. Many materials in the car are light, but very strong.

The nose cone of the vehicle is made of strong, light fibreglass.

The spoiler and the wings are made from two materials. The inner core is light. It’s made of polystyrene. The outer skin is hard and made of fibreglass.

The frame is light, hut very tough and rigid. It’s made of cromoly, a steel alloy.

The radiator is made of aluminium. The aluminium is coated with ceramic. These two materials are corrosion- resistant.

The engine and pistons are made of a light aluminium alloy. Each piston inside the engine is coated with a heat-resistant ceramic.

The wheels are made of a strong, light aluminium alloy. The tyres arc made of a tough rubber composite.

Text 9

Specifications.

Bridge of the Future: Europe-Africa Bridge

RadioTech presenter Tom Burns Interviews engineer Galal Hamdy.

Tom: What project are you working on now?

Galal: We’re designing the world's longest bridge.

Tom: Where will it be?

Galal: Between Morocco and Spain. It'll connect Europe with Africa.

Tom: What are the specifications of the bridge?

Galal: It will be almost 15 km long. In our design, the bridge will have two spans. Each span will be 4800 m long.

Tom: That’s a very long span. How will that be possible?

Galal: The bridge will have three steel pylons, on concrete piers. The pylons will be 1000 m high. The deck will be very light and strong. It’ll be made of fibreglass.

Tom: Many engineers think you won't be able to build this bridge.

Galal: I don’t agree. I think we’ll complete it around 2030.

Text 10

Troubleshooting.

THE AIRBOARD

how it works

You stand on the airboard and ride it like a skateboard. The board moves on a cushion of air, like a small hovercraft. It has a fibreglass body, an engine, a large fan, a flexible rubber skirt, a friction wheel, a handlebar and two levers.

The engine and the fan are mounted on the body. The skirt and the friction wheel are suspended from the body. The handlebar is mounted on the body, at the front. The levers are attached to the handlebar.

The engine drives the fan. The function of the fan is to suck air in and to force it downwards. This pushes the vehicle is upwards and propels it forwards. On the body there is a fibreglass platform. This supports the rider. The skirt contains the air and the cushion of air supports the airboard. The rider uses the handlebar to steer the board. One lever controls the speed of the engine and the fan. The other lever controls the friction wheel. The friction wheel touches the ground for one or two seconds and accelerates the airboard into tо the air. If you want to stop, simply release the levers.

Text 11

Safety

Last night, a military jet plane almost crashed into a large passenger plane over northern England.

The incident happened in dense clouds 10 km west of Manchester. The Boeing 757 passenger plane was 3505 metres above sea level. At 22.17, the F16 military plane passed at an altitude of 3527 metres. At its closest point, the total distance between the two aircraft was only 36 metres.

The Boeing, flight number BA 4058, had 234 passengers, and was on a flight path from Manchester to Greece. The military plane was on its way from Scotland to the south of England.

The pilot and passengers on the plane did not see the incident because of the clouds, but the emergency anti-collision system (TACS) in BA 4058 switched on automatically. The TACS system steered the passenger plane safely away from the military plane.

There were no injuries in the incident.

Text 12

Cause and effect.

PISTON PUMPS

Piston pumps can pump any fluid. This one pumps water. The pump has a motor, a shaft, a piston, a spring and two valves. The valve on the right is the outlet valve. The valve on the left is the inlet valve.

This is how it works. The motor makes the shaft move in and out. The shaft makes the piston move in and out. Let us look at the two movements of the piston.

1 The piston moves in. This causes the water pressure to increase. The high pressure forces the outlet valve to open. The open valve allows the fluid to flow out of the pump through the outlet pipe. At the same time, the high pressure makes the inlet valve close. This closed valve prevents the fluid to from flowing back through the inlet pipe.

2 The piston moves out. This makes the water pressure decrease. The low pressure forces the inlet valve to open. The open inlet valve lets fluid flow into the pump through the inlet valve. At the same time, the low pressure makes the outlet valve close. This closed valve stops the fluid from flowing back into the pump through the outlet pipe.

Text 13

Switches and relays

Hi, Mario. My name's Bob. How does the burglar alarm on my window work?

Mario's answer:

Well, Bob, on your window there’s a small magnet. Next to it, on the window frame, there's a metal switch and two terminals. The terminals are attached to two wires and the wires are connected to a battery and a buzzer. They make a simple circuit. When the window is closed, the switch is next to the magnet. The magnet pulls the switch towards it. This closes the circuit and electricity flows through it. The buzzer does not sound.

When the burglar opens the window, he breaks the circuit. The magnet moves away from the switch and this allows the spring to pull the switch back. This opens the circuit. The open circuit prevents the current from flowing. When this happens, the buzzer makes a sound.

Text 14

Rotors and turbines

The wind turbine consists of a tower, a rotor and a housing. The rotor consists of three blades, and a hub.

The housing is a strong rigid container. It contains a low-speed shaft, a high-speed shaft, two gears, a generator, a controller, and a brake.

The low-speed shaft connects the rotor to the gears. The high-speed shaft connects the gears to the generator.

Inside the housing, at the back, behind the generator, is the controller.

How does the wind turbine work?

The wind blows on the blades and makes them rotate. This causes the shaft to rotate at a speed of about 30-60 rpm.

But isn't that too slow? The shaft in a generator must rotate at about 1200-1400 rpm.

That's right. There are two shafts. There's a low-speed shaft and a high speed shaft. The low-speed one is attached to a large gear. The high-speed one is attached to a small gear. The large gear makes the small gear turn and the small gear makes the high-speed shaft rotate. This shaft rotates at 1200-1400 rpm.

Ah. I see. And it drives the generator at this speed? That’s right. And then the generator produces AC electricity.

What happens if the wind is too strong?

The anemometer measures the speed of the wind. It sends this data to the controller. The controller is a small computer. If the speed of the wind is more than about 90 km/h, the controller automatically switches off the wind turbine. This prevents the wind from damaging the turbine.

Text 15

Checking and confirming

The Mars Science Laboratory, or MSL, is a rover, or mobile robot. It can move around on the surface of Mars.

Look at the diagram of the rover. It has a body, six wheels, two robot arms, two antennas and a mast. The antennas and the mast are mounted on the body, and the robot arms are attached to the front of the body.

There are special tools at the end of each robot arm. Some tools break pieces of rock. Other tools dig and collect samples of soil. Scientific instruments in the rover then analyse the soil and rock powder.

The top of the mast is about 2.1 metres above the ground. The mast supports two special cameras. They are called the MastCam and the ChemCam. The MastCam (mast camera) is at the top of the mast. It looks all around the rover. The ChemCam (chemistry camera) has a laser gun. The gun fires a laser beam at rocks up to 10 metres away and breaks them into powder. The camera then analyses the powder.

The rover is about 2.2 m long and its total mass is just under 800 kg. This includes at least 60 kg of scientific instruments.

It has a six-wheel drive and a special suspension system. The wheels are made of titanium and are 25 cm in diameter. The suspension system allows the six wheels to remain on the ground all the time. It also allows the rover to go over big rocks (up to 75 cm high), and over deep holes. Each wheel has its own motor. This allows the vehicle to rotate 360 degrees. It can move at a speed of up to 90 metres per hour. The average speed is about 30 metres per hour.

The rover can operate in the temperature range on Mars. This ranges from -120°C minimum up to 85'C maximum.

The rover can travel up to 200 metres per day and can operate for up to one Mars year (approximately 687 days).