Студопедия

Главная страница Случайная страница

Разделы сайта

АвтомобилиАстрономияБиологияГеографияДом и садДругие языкиДругоеИнформатикаИсторияКультураЛитератураЛогикаМатематикаМедицинаМеталлургияМеханикаОбразованиеОхрана трудаПедагогикаПолитикаПравоПсихологияРелигияРиторикаСоциологияСпортСтроительствоТехнологияТуризмФизикаФилософияФинансыХимияЧерчениеЭкологияЭкономикаЭлектроника






Palace ( Gong ) .






The Chinese word for “ palace “ is gong which, however may refer to anyone of several different things.

In the earliest Chinese writings it meant no more than an ordinary house. After the founding of the Qing Dynasty (221-207 BC), gong came gradually to mean the group of buildings in which the emperor lived and worked. From about the same time, the Chinese palace grew ever larger in scale.

The Forbidden City of Beijing, which still stands intact and which served as the imperial palace for both Ming and Qing emperors (1368 - 1911), covers an area of 720, 000 square metres and embraces many halls, towers, pavilions and studies.

It is one of the greatest palaces still existing in the world. In short, the gong grew into a veritable city and is often called gongcheng (palace city).

There is another type of gong called zhaigong, where the emperor prepared himself with ablution and abstinence before he offered sacrifice at a grand ceremony. There is one such zhaigong on the grounds of Beijing’s Temple of Heaven.

Inside a great gong, certain individual buildings may also be called gong. The Qing emperors used to live at Palace of Heavenly Purity in the Forbidden City, whereas the living quarters of the empresses were at Palace of Female Tranquility. When the monarchs or their spouses died, they were buried in digong (underground palaces).

The name gong is also used for religious buildings of great dimensions. The temples of Taoist priests are generally called sanginggong (palace of triple purity).

For thousands of years in old China, the word “ gong “ was reserved exclusively for naming imperial and religious buildings. With the passage of time and political changes, many of the old gong have been opened to the general public for sightseeing. A number of buildings have been named gong or palace. For example, “ Working People’s Palace of Culture “, or “ Cultural Palace of National Minorities “. Similar gong or palaces have been built in many cities of the country for the cultural, scientific and recreational activities respectively for workers, youth and children.

№7 Match the following phrases with their Ukrainian equivalents:

1) a grand ceremony a) iмператорський палац

2) underground palaces b) небесний храм

3)imperial palace c) справжнє мiсто

4)temple of Heaven d) велична церемонiя

5)political changes e) пропонувати пожертву

6)a veritable city f) пiдземнi палаци

7)to offer sacrifice g) полiтичнi змiни

 

№8. Answer the questions given below:

1) What does the Chinese word “ gong “ mean?

2)What is “ zhaigong “?

3) Where did the Qing emperors use to live?

4) Where were the died monarchs or their spouses buried?

5) Have many of the old gong been opened to the general public for sightseeing?

6)Where do the living Qing empresses live?

7)Did the gong grow into a veritable city?

8)What is “ gongcheng “?

 






© 2023 :: MyLektsii.ru :: Мои Лекции
Все материалы представленные на сайте исключительно с целью ознакомления читателями и не преследуют коммерческих целей или нарушение авторских прав.
Копирование текстов разрешено только с указанием индексируемой ссылки на источник.