Замените выделенные курсивом русские слова в скобках из английскими эквивалентами.

1. The government increased the (денежную массу в обращении) to maintain aggregate demand at full employment level.

2. The Bank of England (отвечает за) issuing new bonds to replace the old ones.

3. Money consists mainly of two things: currency (с одной стороны) and chequing accounts (c другой стороны).

4. In industry, most of the new technology (принятой) by the less developed countries is taken from the developed countries.

5. High (процентные ставки) in an economy may be expected to lower aggregate investment.

6. The European Parliament officer demanded (более жесткие) rules of distributing contracts in the future.

7. Governments, due to inappropriate (зд. неправильной) (бюджетной и кредитно-денежной политики), frequently (несли ответственность за) excessive inflation.

8. (Мягкая кредитно-денежная политика) is believed to result in more rapid inflation, while (жесткая кредитно-денежная политика) helps (изменить) an economy into the one having slower inflation.

9. Having raised the (соотношение процента резерва), the Central Bank made commercial banks reduce their lending to build up reserves.

7. Заполните пропуски в предложениях следующими словами и словосочетаниями в соответствующей форме:

interest rate, within, without, in alter, tight, outside (2), money supply, ratio (2), thus, in addition, in addition to, because of, responsibility (2)

1. … regulation of the Central Bank is considered to prevent sudden increases in … ….

2. Changes in the … … on government securities often affect industrial share prices.

3. A gold card is a credit card that gives its holder access to various benefits … … … those offered to standard card holders.

4. Being the only manager and worker at the same time, the owner of a one-person firm takes all the … for performance (зд. работа) of his business.

5. Most food can be produced … the household. … …, some part of the required food can be exchanged for other food or services … the household … money. …, these transactions remain … statistics.

6. The Central Bank has the … for the government’s monetary policy.

7. The … of pensioners to the labour force … … negative demographic tendencies is currently 0.5 percent smaller in Russia than in Germany or the United Kingdom. The … is expected to grow to an unfavourable one by 2007.

8. Although the Central Bank is constantly trading in securities to change the actual reserves of the banking system, it seldom … reserve requirements.

8. Вставьте в предложения следующие связующие элементы и устойчивые сочетания:

on the one hand (2), on the other hand (2), since, therefore, hence (2), whereas, because of (2)

1. Almost every day newspaper and television refer to the problems of inflation, unemployment, and slow growth. These problems, …, are likely to determine the outcome of elections (результаты выборов).

2. The fiscal year in the United Kingdom begins on April 6 of one calendar year and ends on April 5 of the next year … in the USA it runs from July 1 to June 30 of the next year.

3. Industry-specific human capital has both advantages and disadvantages. … … … …, long years in the same job result in higher wages. … … … …, when industries decline (приходить в упадок, замедлять рост), workers having human capital that is in low demand may remain unemployed for a long time.

4. … money is not an ideal form for holding wealth, we need to understand why it is held at all.

5. In the 1980s, wages in West Germany were about three times as much as those in East Germany … … a more productive capital use and more know-how.

6. Perhaps … … their social and political aspects, labour markets are often heavily regulated, more so in Europe than in the USA.

7. The labour supply is a measure which is offered as given wages over a given period of time. … it is determined by the number of workers and the average number of workers and the average number of hours each worker is prepared to offer.

8. The financial sector appears to be permanently altered. … … … …, there is little very special about banking. …, many of these activities are expected to be done by others either instead of or as well as by banks. … … … …, many of the things that other financial institutions now do will eventually become the business of some banks.