Заменители, основанные на to be и to have в будущем времени

Вопросы и отрицания с глаголами to be и to haveв будущем времени строятся, как и обычно, с помощью вспомогательного глагола will (shall).

¨ Will he be able to do it? (Сравни: Will he be good at maths?)

Он сможет сделать это? / Сможет ли он сделать это?

– Yes, he will. – Да (сможет).

– No, he will not (won’t). – Нет (не сможет).

He will not be able to do it. (Сравни: He will not be good at maths.)

Он не сможет сделать это.

¨ Will you have to do it? (Сравни: Will you have a computer?)

Должен ли ты будешь сделать это?

– Yes, I will – Да, (должен буду).

– No, I will not (won’t). – Нет, (не должен буду).

I will not have to do it. (Сравни: I will not have a computer.)

Я не должен буду сделать это.

I. Переведите следующие речевые ситуации на русский язык. Обратите внимание на употребление модальных глаголов и их заменителей в вопросительных и отрицательных предложениях.

1. May I ask you about it? – Yes, you may. But you mustn’t tell other people about it.

2. Can they do crosswords well? – Yes, they can. But I think that they can’t make them.

3. Are they to write any exercises at this lesson? – Yes, they are. But they aren’t to write any exercises next week.

4. When will she be able to see him there? – But she won’t be able to see anybody there.

5. Must I do this job? – I think that you needn’t do it.

6. Could they ever meet one another? – No, they simply couldn’t ever meet.

7. How many exercises will you have to do? – I won’t have to do any exercises.

8. Should I listen to him? – Yes, you should. But you shouldn’t listen to other people.

9. Were they able to correct all the mistakes? – Yes, they were. But they weren’t able to show their papers to the teacher.

10.Why did they have to ask him for a help? – Why do you think so? They didn’t have to ask him for this.

II. Представьте следующие фразы, содержащие модальные глаголы и их заменители в виде отрицаний и переведите их на русский язык.

1. The lesson is to begin at 10 o’clock. 2. He has to be alone. 3. We could take a trip to the country. 4. He will be able to make a report for the conference. 5. They should write to her every week. 6. You must leave this country. 7. We had to finish our work late in the evening. 8. He will have to be present at this lecture. 9. They can pass the test in English. 10. We were to take a test in philosophy on Tuesday.

III. Представьте следующие фразы, содержащие модальные глаголы и их заменители, в виде вопросов и дайте краткие ответы на них (варианты ответов указаны в скобках). Переведите полученные вопросы и ответы на русский язык.

1. He can forget to do this job. (No) 2. She could lose this book. (Yes) 3. She had to pay for it again. (No) 4. They will be able to build a new house. (No) 5. He should write a letter to his teacher. (Yes) 6. You can understand me. (Yes) 7. She is to go to the country. (Yes) 8. They could spend their weekend in the south. (No) 9. They will have to sell their house. (No) 10. He has to fight for his life. (Yes)

IV. Переведите предложения на английский язык, обращая внимание на употребление разных модальных глаголов в вопросах и ответах к ним.

Модель:

¨ Нужно мне сдавать этот экзамен? – Нет, не нужно.