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I. Conjunctions






Связь между словами, сочетаниями слов, предложениями осуществляется с помощью союзов
Coordinating Conjunctions (сочинительные) Subordinating Conjunctions (подчинительные)
And - и, а, as well as - так же как и, neither…nor - ни…ни, but-но not only…but also - не только …но также и therefore –поэтому, следовательно both …and – как …так и still – однако although – хотя as well as – так же как (и) however - однако that – что; то что if - если after –после того как because – потому что whose – чей when - когда where- где, куда before – прежде чем while – в то время как, когда as – так как, когда soon as – как только so – следовательно, поэтому

Don’t mix!

  Conjunctions Prepositions Adverbs
after as before for since still till yet because - после того как - так как; когда - до того как; перед тем как - так как - так как; с тех пор как - однако; тем не менее - до тех пор пока - однако; тем не менее - потому что после; за в качестве до; перед для; в течение с - - - - (of) из - за потом - раньше - с тех пор все еще - еще

Exercise 8. Translate the following sentences. Don’t mix the conjunctions and prepositions.

A.

1. The ramjet can operate at high flight speeds and altitudes but it is unsuitable as an aircraft power plant because it requires forward motion imparting to it before any thrust is produced.

2. Although a rocket engine is a jet engine it differs from other jet propulsion systems considered in that it does not use atmospheric air as the propulsive fluid stream.

3. Therefore when used in a vacuum the rocket engine can produce its thrust

4. Rockets are used as boosters for missiles and research rockets, and as main power plants of guided missiles.

5. A rocket propulsion system may also be used as a primary or an auxiliary power plant of an airplane.

6. The pulsejet is unsuitable as an aircraft power plant because it has high fuel consumption.

7. The mechanical compressor further compresses the air and delivers it to the combustion chamber, where the fuel-air mixture burns.

8. The difference is that it uses propeller to provide most of its thrust.

9. The turbofan as well as the turboprop produces more thrust than the turbojet during take-off.

10. Therefore when used in a vacuum the rocket engine can produce its thrust and so to provide a possible means of propulsion for interplanetary vehicles.

B.

1. Since the new company came into existence it has supported the scientists in their research.

2. As the Mach number increases the efficiency of the mechanical compressor falls.

3. Before the discovery of the structure of atomic nuclei it was thought that two general types of forces could explain all natu­ral phenomena: electrical forces and gravitational forces.

4. The results of the work were revealed after the data had been proved.

5. Since the anode is cold, it does not emit electrons.

6. The fuselage represents the most basic part of the airplane for it houses the crew, cargo, instrumentations, etc.

7. Many centuries passed before man found the secret of electricity and started to unlock its energy and power.

8. Since modern development gave us the electron theory, we can say what electricity is.

9. After an electron is emitted the atom is positively charged.

 






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