Ballad stanza 131

Barbarism 60-61

Bathos: see Back gradation

Belles-lettres style: that which characterizes imaginative literature 15, 167

Blank verse 130

Bombastic: excessively high-flown 11

Bookish words: Learned words 1 1, 63

^Borderlands: imaginary strips of indefinite width separating sublanguages from one another and enclosing units, sublingual status of which is uncertain, also: Tolerance zones 22-25

*Borderlines: imaginary lines assumed to separate one sublanguage from another 22-24

Breaking up of set expressions: delib­erate alteration in current phrases or their authological treatment for humoristic purposes 74

Cablese: sublanguage of cablegrams

Cant 67 *Carrier: unit of form carrying

information 33

Catachresis: Mixed metaphors 114 Categorial forms: constituents of

grammatical category (A. Smir-

nitsky) 46-51 Category of determination/inde-

termination 48 *Central area: main part of language,

set of linguistic units common to

all sublanguages; place around

centre of circle enclosing national

language; place where all ellipses,

representing sublanguages,

intersect 13, 17, 20 «Central field: *Central area 13 Chain-repetition: noticeable

recurrence of Anadiplosis (see) Chiasmus: Reversed parallel

construction 142-143 Circumlocution: see Periphrasis *Clarifier: see Specifier Climax: Gradation 155-156 Cockney 39 Code: system of signs, originally

criptographic (i.e. aiming at

secrecy), at present language is

also regarded as one. See

Decoding 169 Cognition: action (or faculty) of

acquiring knowledge 145; adj.

Cognitive 145

Colloquialism, -ist, -istics 65 Competence (linguistic or lingual C.)

Composition 71

Concept: Notion: general idea 6, 31 Connotation: part of meaning of

linguistic unit, expressing its

stylistic value 33 Consituation 197 Contrast 161 Conventional: 1) used traditionally;

2) accepted temporarily by

common concent 9 Convergence: see Amplification Conversion 71 *Co-occurrence: stylistically

significant interrelation of two

or more units, adjacent or

isolated (but still felt as

correlative) 143, 165 Co-referential: naming identical

referent each 37 Cultivated speech 12

D

Dactyl 125

Decoding: process of deciphering any verbal message; requires mental effort. 'Minimal decoding' (M. Riffaterre's term) is observed in perceiving messages of predictable form and content 169

Defeated expectancy: factor reinforcing effect achieved by stylistic device — recipient had anticipated anything but what was actually said 148, 166