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Формы причастия
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MODULE 1
THE PREDICATE / THE VERB
СКАЗУЕМОЕ / ГЛАГОЛ
В английском языке имеются следующие виды сказуемого:
| простое (the Simple Predicate) | составное (the Compound Predicate) | |
| глагол в личной форме в любом времени, залоге и наклонении | именное (the Сompound Nominal Predicate) | глагольное (the Compound Verbal Predicate) |
| глагол-связка to beбыть в личной форме, в сочетании с именной частью | а) модальный глагол в сочетании с инфинитивом, b) глагол в личной форме в сочетании с инфинитивом или герундием |
Part I
Non-finite Forms of the Verbs
Неличные формы глагола
К неличным формам глагола относятся:
A. причастия (ParticipleI и Participle II),
B. инфинитив (the Infinitive),
C. герундий (the Gerund)
А. Причастие (Participle)
Как структурный элемент сказуемого
| Participle I | Participle II | ||||
| Ving | Ved /regular verb (r.v) 3 ф-ма глагола / irregular verb (irr.v) | ||||
| Для образования | Для образования: | ||||
| времен группы Continuous /Progressive с “ be ” | a) времен группы Perfect с “ have ” | b) страдательного залога с “ be ” | |||
| X be Ving am/is/are doing was/were doing will be doing | делаю / делает / делаем делал / делали будет делать | X haveVed have/has done had done will have done | сделали / сделал сделали / сделал сделает / сделают | X be Ved am/is/are done was/were done will be done | делается делалось будет делаться |
Формы причастия
| Tenses | Действительный залог Active Voice | Страдательный залог Passive Voice |
| Present Participle (Participle I) | asking спрашивающий | being asked будучи спрошенным |
| Perfect Participle | having asked спросив | having been asked будучи спрошенным |
| Past Participle (Participle II) | ----- | asked спрошенный |
1. В каждом ряду найдите причастия являющиеся частью сказуемого.
1) a) X is 1ng, 2ing the x the Xs are, X will be 3ing, Xs 4ing were, 5ing Xs are;
b) 6ing the x the X is, X was 7ing, While 8ing x the X is, X had been 9ing;
c) 10ing X is, X 11ing xed, Xs have been 12ing, Xs were 13ing, 14ing X was.
2) a) 1ed X is, X was being 2ed, As 3ed X will x, Xs 4ed were, Xs have 5ed;
b) When 6ed Xs x, X am 7ed, 8ed X xed, X was 9ed, X will have 10ed;
c) X is 11ed, Xs are 12ed, X 13ed xs, 14ed Xs x, X 15ed will x, Xs were 16ed.
2. Выделите речевые отрезки, в которых причастия являются частью сказуемого.
a) The scientists are inventing; the physicist had been inventing; inventing this technology he was; the chemist has been inventing; the engineer inventing it was; having invented this instrument they can; the designer will have been inventing.
b) If invented this system will; the robot has been invented; the circuit is being invented; the invented method must be; the engineer had invented; he used the invented instrument; the technology invented had to; the devices were invented; the scientists have invented.
3. Выделите предложения, в которых причастия являются частью сказуемого.
a) 1. We are becoming more open to other cultures simply because of the Internet.
2. The ammeter is a measuring device.
3. The importance of the scientific researches and discoveries is growing with every year.
4. I have been working at this problem since 2012.
5. Using the energy of the atom we produce electric energy at atomic power plants.
b) 1. We used all the methods recommended.
2. We have explored common forms of communication.
3. No electric charges have ever been observed of smaller magnitude than the charges of proton or electron.
4. When properly hardened steel becomes hard and strong.
5. The efficiency of a machine is determined by the ratio of the useful work performed to the total work expended.
c) 1. They will be making experiment the whole day long.
2. The problem has been studied for three years, but they haven’t got any result.
3. The results obtained disagreed with earlier data.
4. By 6 o’clock he will have been testing the system for 3 hours.
5. They were shown new laboratory equipment.
6. The bridge being built across the river is very beautiful.
7. The temperature of the liquid obtained remained constant.
8. Robots are helping research scientists to answer many difficult questions.
9. Having analyzed the properties of the substance they made some new conclusions.
10. Other automatic controller devices were being developed before the advent of industry standards.
B. Инфинитив (The Infinitive)
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