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Exercise 10. Study the Vocabulary. Translate text into Ukrainian.
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VOCABULARY – 7
| post-trial proceedings | післясудові процедури | sent to jail or prison | доправити до в’язниці |
| release on parole from prison | Звільнити умовно-достроково з ув’язнення | place on probation | звільнити умовно- достроково |
| post-conviction relief | післясудове пом’як- шення покарання | violate conditions of one’s probation | порушити умови умовно- дострокового звільнення |
| validity | обґрунтованість | violate constitutional rights | порушувати конституційні права |
| revoke the probation | замінити умовний термін на фактичне ув’язнення | final (closing) arguments | прикінцеві аргументи |
| all the evidence is in | подання усіх доказів закінчено | attorney for the plaintiff | адвокат позивача |
| prosecutor | прокурор | declare a mistrial | oголосити судовий розгляд недійсним |
| summarize the evidence | узагальнювати докази | instructions (charge) to the jury | напутні слова судді присяжним |
| in the most favorable light | у найбільш вигідному ракурсі | draw inferences | робити висновки |
| complicated cases | складні справи | apply the law | застосовувати закон |
TEXT 9
Final Arguments. When all the evidence is in, the attorneys make their closing arguments to the jury. The attorney for the plaintiff or, in a criminal case, the prosecutor goes first. When he is finished, it is the turn. In general, each attorney uses the closing argument to summarize the evidence and comment on it in the most favorable light. The attorney may talk about the facts and all the inferences which can properly be drawn from them. The attorney cannot talk about evidence which was not presented, or argue about points which do not apply to the case. If an attorney uses improper material in final argument, the opposing attorney may object and the judge may instruct the jury to disregard what was said. If the offending material is seriously prejudicial, the judge may declare a mistrial.
Instructions to the Jury. When the attorneys have completed their closing arguments, the judge “instructs” or “charges” the jury (the judge explains the duties of a jury and also explains the law applicable to the case to the jury). Before the closing arguments, the attorneys may request the judge to give certain instructions on the law as it applies to the evidence. If these instructions are proper and would not have been covered by her charge, the judge will include them as part of her charge to the jury. The charge to the jury may take a few minutes, or it may take hours, or even days, in complicated cases.
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