Exercise 3. Translate into Ukrainian.

1. When a criminal case is tried by a jury, it consists of 12 jurors in felony cases and eight jurors in misdemeanor cases. In most civil cases the jury usually consists of eight members, although the parties can agree to a lesser number.

2. In capital cases — criminal cases in which death is a potential penalty - a three-judge panel tries the case if a jury is waived.

3. The jury which actually hears cases is a " petit" (or " petty") jury. The grand jury does not hear cases, it determines probable cause and issues indictments.

4. Persons accused of " minor offenses" (offenses where the maximum penalty is a fine not exceeding S 100) are not entitled to a jury trial.

5. Similarly, juries are not provided in civil cases unless one of the parties makes a written request for a jury in advance of the trial.

6. There is no limit to the number of prospective jurors who may be challenged for cause. Each time a prospective juror is excused, another will be interviewed.

7. There are two ways of rejecting potential jurors: " challenge for cause"; and " peremptory challenge.

8. Some of the more obvious reasons include that a juror: is a party or witness in the case; is related to a party; has some close personal or business relationship to a party; has already formed an opinion or is otherwise biased.

9. The process of choosing jurors is called " voir dire". Potential jurors are interviewed in open court by each of the attorneys.

10. Each side has run out of challenge for course, each side may exercise its peremptory challenges. No reason need be given for peremptorily excusing a juror, but each party has a limited number of peremptory challenges.

11. When all challenges are used or passed, the jury is complete. The jury then takes an oath to do its duty.

12. Each party is allowed three peremptory challenges. Beginning with the complaining party, each side takes turns exercising its peremptory challenges

13. In criminal cases the number of peremptory challenges allowed each party is six in capital cases, four in all other felony cases, and three in misdemeanor cases.