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Post-text exercises






I. Give the Ukrainian equivalents for the following English word com­binations:

change communications, real telegraph, the code is used in signaling all over the world, a long time or a short time, make a code for the whole alphabet, simplify sending messages, at great speed, the telegraph was proved to work

II. Find in the text the English equivalents for the following Ukrainian word combinations:

Передавати повідомлення; спростити передачу повідомлень; передавати зі швидкістю 30 слів за хвилину; після декількох невдалих спроб; кабелепрокладчик; ізолятор; прокладати кабель під водою.

III. Fill in the blanks with the following words:

cables, connect, electricity, impulses, insulation, longer, magnets, simple

1. It was discovered that... and magnetism are connected. 2. A wire carrying an electric current can move a compass needle because they are both.... 3. The dots and dashes used in the Morse code can be made by electric... passing through a wire. 4. The impulse used to send a dash is... than that used to send a dot. 5. The letters SOS are used in times of danger because they are... letters to signal. 6. Telegraph lines... telephone stations that are far apart. 7.... is used to protect telegraph wires. 8. Messages are carried under the sea through telegraph....

IV. Say whether the following statements are true or false:

1. The electric current could not be used for communications. 2. Real telegraphs were possible until it was proved that electricity and magnetism were connected. 3. Popov invented the Morse code. 4. The Morse code is not used in signaling all over the world at present. 5. The Morse code can be read at 30 words a minute or more. 6. Sea water is a good insulator.

V. Answer the following questions:

1. At what speed can messages be sent by electricity? 2.At what speed can the Morse code messages be read? 3. Give two reasons why the Morse code was so widely used. 4. What was the main problem about sending messages by telegraph under the sea? 5. Give two reasons why telegraph cables must be insulated. 6. Why is gutta-percha a good ma­terial for insulating telegraph cables?

VI. Translate the following definitions and memorize the terms:

Cable. A transmission line or a group of transmission lines mechanically assembled into a complex flexible form.

Code. A plan for representing each of a finite number of symbols as a particular arrangement or sequence of discrete conditions.

Communication. The transmission of information from one point to another by means of electromagnetic waves.

VII. Translate the following sentences paying attention to the use of Continuous Tenses:

1. I was listening to the record at the phonetic laboratory when my friend came in and asked me to help him with the translation. 2. They are leaving for Vladivostok on Wednes­day. 3. I shall be listening to the wireless programmes in English all day tomorrow. 4. He is always making mistakes in his dictation. 5. My friend was writing the essay from 9 o'clock in the morning till one in the afternoon. 6. I am translating the text now. 7. On Thursday I shall still be work­ing on the text. 8. Now they are organizing another kind of work at their laboratory.

VIII. Translate the following sentences paying attention to the use of Perfect Tenses:

1. By the end of the previous term the students had mas­tered the necessary lab techniques. 2. By the end of the year they will have settled all the problems and will begin their tests. 3. They have developed the new waterproof cable which will help to solve all the problems relating to telephone service failures since water cannot enter the space between insu­lated conductors. 4. He has already returned to Moscow. 5. I have known him since 1980. 6. I have never been to Kiev.7. Have you ever been to Kiev? 8. The scientists of our lab­oratory had been carrying out experiments with a new type of insulating material for several years before they got positive results. 9. Our engineers had been testing the new device for some months before it was put into service. 10. By the end of the year they will have been carrying out field trials with a new teleprinter for several months. 11. They will have been carrying out this work until they get the necessary data.

IX. Translate the following sentences paying attention to the functions of " it":

1. It is not the sound of the voice that travels over the wire when we talk over a telephone. 2. If the valve in the cylinder moves easily, it should be replaced immediately. 3. When a ray of any kind strikes an atom, it may knock an electron out of the atom. 4. It is to be noted that ocean cables are one of the most dependable means of transmission yet designed. 5. It is impossible to increase the number of telephone channels on open-wire lines without applying car­rier equipment. 6. It was in 1957 that the first man-made satellite was launched in our country, and now man has already set his foot on the Moon, sends probes to distant planets and orbits the Earth in space vehicles. 7. It was found that a needle of a compass moved when it was put near a wire with a current flowing through it. 8. It was exciting to be able to communicate over long distances by signals sent by wireless. 9. It seems unlikely that this experiment will give good results.

X. Translate the following sentences paying attention to the func­tions of " that":

1. The fact is that our era began with the discovery of the electric current. 2. The mixture is identical with that mentioned above. 3. Most frequently the force is resolved in such a way so that the components could be at right angles to each other. 4. Energy that is produced by hydroelectric stations is used for industry, agriculture and other needs of our national economy. 5. The transmission of information by radio waves requires that some specific installations be em­ployed. 6. That this system has far-reaching possibilities and proves to be of great value to business executives, engineers and scientists is known to everybody.






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