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Aborigines meet the first colonists






Cook's description of the Aborigines attests to the European Enlightenment apprehension (представление) of the noble savage (благородный дикарь):

 

" The Natives of New Holland may appear to some to be the most wretched (бедный, несчастный) people upon Earth, but in reality they are far more happier than we Europeans; being wholly unacquainted not only with the superfluous (излишний, ненужный) but the necessary conveniences so much sought after in Europe, they are happy in not knowing the use of them. They live in a tranquility (покой) which is not disturbed by the inequality of condition; the Earth and sea furnishes (снабжать) them with all things necessary for life."

 

He returned to England in July 1771. During the voyage, Cook became the first ship commander to prevent an outbreak of scurvy (цынга), a disease that had long plagued (мучить) sailors.

 

Cook had heard reports that scurvy was caused by a lack of fresh fruits and vegetables. He served his sailors fruit and sauerkraut (кислая капуста) to help prevent the disease. Sauerkraut (or pickled cabbage) effectively prevented scurvy but to expect English sailors to eat strange food merely to keep them in good health was utopian. So Cook put sauerkraut on the menu of the officers and " gentlemen" accompanying him and within a week the crew began to resent this " favoritism" and sauerkraut became " the finest stuff in the world".

 

Second Pacific voyage. In July 1772, Cook left England on the Resolution in another attempt to find the southern continent. This expedition included a second ship, the Adventure.

 

Cook sailed farther south than any European had ever gone. He faced many hazards in the cold Antarctic waters. Mountains of ice as high as 18 meters often blocked the way. Powerful winds blew icebergs toward the ships, and blinding fog increased the danger, especially at night.






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