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Exercise 4. Translate the following sentences into English.
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1. Електричний мотор, що перетворює електричну енергію в механічну, широко використовується у повсякденному житті.
2. Говорячи про електричну напругу, ми можемо згадати ім’я Вольта.
3. Електричний пірометр вимірює температуру розплавлених металів.
4. Попрацювавши на фабриці, мій товариш поступив до інституту.
5. Електричні пристрої, про які згадувалося в цій статті, були створені російськими вченими.
6. Вимірюючи температуру гарячих металів, студенти користувались пірометром.
7. Виміривши температуру металів, ми почали вимірювати температуру води.
Exercise 5. Form four sentences using the words given below and translate them.
Model: lift, the, heavy, can, electric, objects, crane.
The electric crane can lift heavy objects.
- finds, industry, energy, in, application, electric, wide, a.
- does, study, he, at, not, the, institute.
- day, use, every, do, devices, you, electrical?
- the, theatre, go, to, we, yesterday, not, did.
Exercise 6. Put all possible questions to the following sentence:
The electric motor finds wide application in industry.
Exercise 7. Prepare a project on this theme.
Exercise 8. Read some active words and expressions.
battery, to change, chemical, to drive, to employ, energy, generator, in its turn, kinetic, kind, potential, to produce, source, semiconductor, station, to turn
Exercise 9. Read and translate the text.
Text № 2.
Energy
In the language of science energy is the ability to do work. There are various forms of energy, such as: heat, mechanical, electrical, chemical, atomic and so on. One might also mention the two kinds of mechanical energy — potential and kinetic, potential energy being the energy of position while kinetic energy is the energy of motion. It is well known that one form of energy can be changed into another.
A waterfall may serve as an example. Water is falling from its raised position, energy changes from potential to kinetic energy. The energy of falling water is generally used to turn the turbines of hydroelectric stations. The turbines in their turn arrive the electric generators, the latter producing electric energy. Thus, the mechanical energy of falling water is turned into electric energy. The electric energy, in its turn, may be transformed into any other necessary form.
When an object losels Its potential energy, that energy is turned into kinetic energy. Thus, in the above-mentioned example when water is falling from its raised -position, it certainty loses its potential energy, that energy changing into kinetic energy (Fig. 1).
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