Visual display unit

A visual display unit (or monitor) is a piece of electrical equipment, usually separate from the computer case, which displays viewable images generated by a computer without producing a permanent record. The word " monitor" is used in other contexts; in particular in television broadcasting, where a television picture is displayed to a high standard. A computer display device is usually either a cathode ray tube or some form of flat panel such as a TFT LCD. The monitor comprises the display device, circuitry to generate a picture from electronic signals sent by the computer, and an enclosure or case. Within the computer, either as an integral part or a plugged-in Expansion card, there is circuitry to convert internal data to a format compatible with a monitor. The images from monitors originally contained only text, but as Graphical user interfaces emerged and became common, they began to display more images and multimedia content.

Keyboard

In computing, a keyboard is an arrangement of buttons that each correspond to a function, letter, or number. They are the primary devices of inputing text. In most cases, they contain an array of keys specifically organized with the corresponding letters, numbers, and functions printed or engraved on the button. They are generally designed around an operators language, and many different versions for different languages exist. In English, the most common layout is the QWERTY layout, which was originally used in typewriters. They have evolved over time, and have been modified for use in computers with the addition of function keys, number keys, arrow keys, and OS specific keys. Often, specific functions can be achieved by pressing multiple keys at once or in succession, such as inputing characters with accents or opening a task manager. Programs use keyboard shotcuts very differently and all use different keyboard shortcuts for different program specific operations, such as refreshing a web page in a web browser or selecting all text in a word processor.

Mouse

A Mouse on a computer is a small, slidable device that users hold and slide around to point at, click on, and sometimes drag objects on screen in a graphical user interface using a pointer on screen. Almost all Personal Computers have mice. It may be plugged into a computer's rear mouse socket, or as a USB device, or, more recently, may be connected wirelessly via a USB antenna or Bluetooth antenna. In the past, they had a single button that users could press down on the device to " click" on whatever the pointer on the screen was hovering over. Now, however, many Mice have two or three buttons(possibly more); a " right click" function button on the mouse, which performs a secondary action on a selected object, and a scroll wheel, which users can rotate using their fingers to " scroll" up or down. The scroll wheel can also be pressed down, and therefore be used as a third button. Some mouse wheels may be tilted from side to side to allow sideways scrolling. Different programs make use of these functions differently, and may scroll horizontally by default with the scroll wheel, open different menus with different buttons, among others. These functions may be user defined through software utilities.

Mice traditionally detected movement and communicated with the computer with an internal " mouse ball"; and used optical encoders to detect rotation of the ball and tell the computer where the mouse has moved. However, these systems were subject to low durability, accuracy and required internal cleaning. Modern mice use optical technology to directly trace movement of the surface under the mouse and are much more accurate, durable and almost maintenace free. They work on a wider variety of surfaces and can even operate on walls, ceilings or other non-horizontal surfaces.

Fill in the gaps:

1. The _____________is the main component inside the case. It is a large rectangular board with integrated circuitry that connects the rest of the parts of the computer including the CPU, the RAM, the disk drives (CD, DVD, hard disk, or any others) as well as any peripherals connected via the ports or the expansion slots.

2. The _______________________performs most of the calculations which enable a computer to function, and is sometimes referred to as the " brain" of the computer. It is usually cooled by a heat sink and fan.

3. The ___________mediates communication between the CPU and the other components of the system, including main memory.

4. ____________stores all running processes (applications) and the current running OS.

5. A ______________________is the component that supplies power to the other components in a computer.

6. _______________- the most common type of removable media, suitable for music and data.

7. ______________- a device used for reading data from a CD.

8. _______________- a device used for both reading and writing data to and from a CD.

9. __________________- a popular type of removable media that is the same dimensions as a CD but stores up to 12 times as much information. It is the most common way of transferring digital video, and is popular for data storage.

10. _______________- a device used for reading data from a DVD.

11. _______________- a device used for both reading and writing data to and from a DVD.

12. _______________- an outdated storage device consisting of a thin disk of a flexible magnetic storage medium.

13. ___________- for medium-term storage of data.

14. A __________on a computer is a small, slidable device that users hold and slide around to point at, click on, and sometimes drag objects on screen in a graphical user interface using a pointer on screen.

Аппара́ тное обеспе́ чение включает в себя все физические части компьютера (ЭВМ), но не включает информацию (данные), которые он хранит и обрабатывает, и программное обеспечение, которое им управляет.

Персональный компьютер - универсальная техническая система, конфигурацию которой можно изменять по мере необходимости. Тем ни менее существует понятие базовой конфигурации. В настоящее время базовая колнфигурация состоит из 4 составляющих: системный блок, монитор, клавиатура, мышь.