Intervention strategy

1. In recent years coaches, teachers, and sport psychologists (turn) to a variety of intervention strategies to help athletes achieve their optimal performance. 2. Anxiety and arousal (can, have) harmful effects on athlete’s performance. 3. Athletes’ performance (can) also (suffer) due to lack of motivation, poor level of self-confidence, and, because of the intimate relationship between the mind and the body, negative thoughts and feelings about themselves and their capabilities. 4. With the help of appropriate intervention techniques, athletes (learn) skills and strategies to regulate their physiological and psychological state to achieve optimum performance.

2.5. Insert prepositions where it is necessary.

1. The field … sport psychology is broadening … other ways as well. 2. Initially research efforts focused … elite male athletes. 3. Sport psychologists toady are working … both male and female athletes participating at many levels to help them perform … their optimal level. 4. Sport psychologists work … professional sport teams, national and Olympic teams, and intercollegiate teams. 5. Young athletes aspiring to compete … elite levels … such sports as figure skating or gymnastics may engage the services … a sport psychologist to help them attain their lofty goals. 6. Knowledge … sport psychology is also helpful to coaches … all levels, including interscholastic coaches and youth sport coaches. 7. This knowledge can help coaches structure the learning environment to provide a positive experience … athletes. 8. Coaches can use psychological techniques such as arousal regulation, imagery, and goal setting to help … their athletes optimize their performance.

2.6. Put questions to the words and phrases in italic.

1. One of the first topics of concern to sport psychologists dealt with personality factors in sports. 2. Today, however, the range of topics is more extensive. 3. Sport psychologists are now concerned with a multitude of subjects such as violence and aggression, arousal, motivation, social reinforcement, and levels of aspiration. 4. Another area of study is the effect of competition on various populations such as youths or elite athletes.

2.7. Have a dictation.

Psychology of sport is the application of psychological theories and concepts to aspects of sport such as coaching and teaching. The sport psychologist uses psychological assessment techniques and intervention strategies to help individuals achieve their optimal performance. While sport psychology is concerned with analyzing human behavior in various types of sport settings. It focuses on the mental aspects of performance.

2.8. Give a talk on “Psychological Foundations of Physical Education and

Sport”.

IV. Listening comprehension.