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To order to advise to request to instruct to recommend to invite
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COMMANDS, INSTRUCTIONS, REQUESTS, SUGGESTIONS, WARNINGS
INTRODUCTORY VERBS for reported commands, instructions, requests, warnings and suggestions are as follows:
To ask to tell to offer to warn to suggest to beg
to order to advise to request to instruct to recommend to invite
to demand to propose to forbid to prohibit
1. To report COMMANDS OR INSTRUCTIONS in Reported Speech, the following pattern is used:
introductory verb + smb. + (not) to-infinitive
“Put the gun down! ” the policeman said to the criminal. – The policeman
ordered the criminalto put the gun down.
“Don't look down! ' the instructor said to us. – The instructor told us not to look down.
“Put the shopping in the kitchen, ” the mother said to her daughter. – The mother told her daughterto put the shopping in the kitchen.
“Find our skates in the pantry.” Kate asked Paul. – Kate told Paul to find their skates in the pantry.
“Put on warm clothes, ” Kate told Paul. – Kate asked Paul to put on warm clothes.
She also told him, “Don’t eat much before skating.” – She also warned him not to eat too much before skating.
2. To report REQUESTS in Reported Speech, the following pattern is used:
introductory verbs + smb + (not) to-infinitive
“Help me, please, ” Jean said to Tom. - Jean asked Tom to help her.
“Please, please don't call the police. ” the burglar said to Colin. –
The burglar begged Collin not to call the police.
3. To report SUGGESTIONS in Reported Speech, the following patterns are used,
· introductory verb + gerund
I suggest swimming after breakfast.
· introductory verb + that + smb + should + bare infinitive
I suggest that we should swim after breakfast.
· introductory verb + that + smb + bare infinitive
I suggest that we swim after breakfast.
Here is another example: Sentences a) – d) below mean the same,
a) “Let's go outside, ” I said to them.
b) “We can/could go outside, ” I said to them.
c) “Shall we go outside? ” I said to them.
d) “ How about going outside? ” I said to them.
The Reported Speech equivalents to these three sentences will be:
I suggested goin g inside. I suggested that we (should) go outside.
NOTES:
· The verb “ to suggest ” is more formal than the verb “ to offer ”, e.g.
Len offered Joanne to go to the pictures.
The teacher suggested going to the museum after classes.
· The verb “ to propose ” is more formal than the verb “ to suggest ”. Both verbs are followed by a gerund, e.g.
The chairman proposed closing the debates.
Kate suggestedgoing to the skating rink in the afternoon.
Remember!!!
· The verbs “ TO SUGGEST ” AND “ TO PROPOSE ” ARE FOLLOWED BY GERUND not by infinitive!
Paul suggested putting the meeting off till Monday. RIGHT
Paul suggested to put the meeting off till Monday. WRONG!!!
· The verb “TO REQUEST” is a formal verb and is followed by an INFINITIVE
The patrons are requested not to smoke in the restaurant.
He requested the delegates of the conference to assemble in the lobby.
· The verb “ TO DEMAND ” can be followed EITHER BY AN INFINITIVE OR BY A “ THAT CLAUSE ”, e.g.
“I want to see the manager, ” he demanded.
He demanded to see the manager.
= He demanded that he should see the manager.
Mind the changes that happen to adverbial modifiers of time and place when the direct speech is turned into indirect.
| Direct Speech | Reported Speech |
| here | there |
| this, these | that, those |
| now | then, right away, at that moment, that day, immediately (or no adverb at all) |
| today, tonight | that day, that night |
| yesterday | the day before, the previous day |
| the day before yesterday | two days before |
| two days ago | two days before |
| a year ago | a year before, the previous year |
| last night | the previous night |
| last week | the week before |
| tomorrow | the next day, the following day |
| the day after tomorrow | in two days’ time |
| in a few minutes | a few minutes later |
| next week | the next week, the following week |
*TASK 20. Mr. Terry is complaining about things his children have done. Write what he said in reply to the following. Follow the example. Use different introductory verbs.
Example: Tommy: Dad, I've knocked some paint off the car. I was riding my bike near it.
Mr. Terry; I told you not to ride your bike near the car, Tommy, didn’t I?
1. Mary: Dad, the washing line's come down. I was pulling it.
2. Lenny: Dad, I've broken the kitchen window. I was playing football under it.
3. Tracy: Dad, Michael's walked on your garden. He was chasing the dog round it.
4. Tommy: Dad, I've cut my finger on your knife. I was cutting wood with it.
5. Lenny: Dad, the cat's drowning in the fishpond! We were teaching it to swim in it.
6. Mary: Dad, I've burnt my finger on the electric fire. I was making toast on it.
7. Tracy: Dad, Mary's torn her skirt on the tree. She was climbing up it.
8. Tommy: Dad, my watch has stopped. I was washing it.
9. Lenny: Dad, the front door won't open. I locked it with the garage key.
*TASK 21. Change direct commands, instructions, requests, warnings and suggestions into indirect ones using different introductory verbs.
1. “Please visit me in hospital, ” Joan said to Colin.
2. “Let's eat out this evening, ” Paul said to her.
3. “Please, please be careful, ” she said to him.
4. “Don't go near the fire.” Dad said to us.
5. “Be quiet! ” the commander said to the troops.
6. “Let's try the exercise again, ” said the teacher
7. The doctor said to the patient, “Come back to see me again next week.”
8. She said to him, “Please, please don't leave me! ”
9. The teacher said to the students, “Come and see me after the lesson.” He said, “Shall we go for a walk? ”
10. Jenny said to Dave. “Please help me with cleaning.”
11. She said to him, “Open the window, please.”
12. Mother said, “How about going for a drive? ”
13. The policeman said to the thieves, “Put your hands up! ”
14. The librarian said to the boys, “Don’t make so much noise.”
**TASK 22. Jenny Gee is a gossip columnist. She gets her information from people she calls “ reliable sources ”. Here is what one source told her. What do you think Jenny wrote? Continue from the example.
“Don't mention my name, darling, but I can tell you why June Wonda has stopped making her new film. I happened to hear her doctor say, June, you must take a long break! ” Then June went to the director of her film, Sam Hill, and said, “Sam, please let me have a rest.” His reply was short and sharp, “Get back on the set! ” and he added, “Don't forget who's paying you to make the film! ” June began to cry and her co-star Willy Sprout shouted at Hill, “Don't come on so heavy, Sam! Let's sleep on the problem before we decide anything.” But next morning Sam Hill hadn't changed his mine one bit. “Take your holiday”, he demanded. “And my advice is, go as far away from me as you can get. Take Willy with you, and don't come back! ” End of story, Jenny. Off they went”.
WHERE IS WONDA?
Jenny Gee
One of my reliable sources asked me not to mention her name, but said she could tell me why June Wonda had stopped making her new film. It seems her doctor had advised _______________________. So June went to her director, Sam Hill, and asked _______________________. Sam just ordered _______________________ and told _______________________. There and then June's co-star, Willy Sprout, told Hill _______________________ and proposed _______________________ before deciding anything. But next morning Hill demanded _______________________, and advised _______________________ as she could get. He also suggested _______________________ and told _______________________.
***TASK 23. Translate into English.
1. Лікар порекомендував пацієнту полежати у ліжку кілька днів і приймати всі прописані йому ліки.
2. Мати попросила дітей не забути прибрати у своїх кімнатах та купити хліба і молока по дорозі зі школи додому.
3. Пасажир попросив водія таксі не гнати машину занадто швидко, тому що його дружина боїться швидкості.
4. Хазяїн залишив собаку перед входом до магазину та наказав йому, що він сидів, сторожив його сумку и не дозволяв нікому торкатися її.
5. Екзаменатор попередив студентів, щоб вони не консультувалися один з одним і не списували під час тесту.
6. Поліцейський порадив містеру Сміту припаркувати машину за рогом, подалі від пішохідного переходу.
7. Коли місіс Пойнтер йшла на роботу, вона проінструктувала няньку не давати дітям нічого солодкого перед обідом і не дозволяти їм довго гратися у садку, тому що погода була сирою та вітряною.
8. Наша хазяйка порадила нам у п’ятницю не повертатися додому пізніше 9 години вечора, тому що це найнебезпечніший час у Лондоні.
9. Екскурсовод попередила нас, щоб ми голосно не розмовляли і не торкалися експонатів руками.
10. Після цього надзвичайно важкого дня містер Блек запропонував підвезти мене додому та порадив не звертати увагу на недружелюбну поведінку деяких наших колег.
11. Викладач порекомендував студентам уважно слухати пояснення нового матеріалу та пообіцяв дати контрольну роботу на цей матеріал на наступному занятті.
12. Стара дама попросила молоду продавщицю принести їй стакан води, тому що в неї закрутилася голова.
13. Денні запропонував поїхати на пікнік у суботу. Він попросив свого батька позичити йому машину та порадив усім нам взяти з собою м’ячі та ракетки для бадмінтону.
14. Генерал наказав солдатам не відкривати вогонь до особливого наказу.
15. Фотограф попросив дітей посидіти кілька хвилин спокійно і пообіцяв, що вони побачать пташку.
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