Chapter 4. Analyses

The fact of exisitng of orphans in Kazakhstan is obstacle for large- scale development of the country. The problem of increasing level of orphans is continuing growing up. The government takes care of orphans and provides them with all kinds of necessary conditions they need for life. It provides orphans with accommodation, food, clothing, school education, a monthly allowance (which they are allowed to take only when they are 18 years old). For getting better conditions government also permits children to be adopted by domestic or intercountry couples. The aim of this research paper was to find out should Kazakhstani government allow or ban adoption by foreigners. The research has shown that for children it is better to allow intercountry adoption, than being brought up in orphanages; or make conditions in orphanages better. Introduce new kinds of orphanages where children could feel the sense of family, let domestic adoption be more wide spread, and do everything to decrease the level of orphans.

In the interview for “Nasha gazeta” the head doctor of orphanages “Dolphin” Zhibek Zhiyenbayeva said that today more and more young ladies refuse their newborn babies in order to reach their life goals. Such factor is common not only in Kazakhstan, but also in other countries. In order to deal with this government discussed the Code on Matrimony and family, ratified the Convention on the Protection of Children and Cooperation in Respect of Inter country Adoption. This document also calls Hague Convention, which was ratified in 78 countries around the world, which allows controlling how the child lives in a new family.

Zhibek Zhiyenbayeva said the for the last two years the level of orphans decreased, however foreign parents who desire to adopt Kazakhstani children did not decrease. In the figure #1 is shown that in 2009 the number of orphans is less by 12 children as it was in 2008 (see p 9).

Rashid Tursubekov, the General Public Prosecutor of Kazakhstan, expressed that orphans need in taking governmental aids, living conditions, getting qualified school and high education. They get all this necessities, but in some cases it is not enough. Even though, today in Kazakhstan 93.000 orphans, and only 47000 of them have necessary conditions(Beketova G., 2002, May 22). Vice-Minister of Labour and Social Welfare, Anel’ Nusupova, added that today there are 45.000 orphans, 15.000 of them are in orphanages, 25000 are adopted by domestic and foreign couples, 2000 are in foster care, where adult citizens for teacher education, who took custody of the orphaned children. As was mentioned earlier, government gives allowances and salary, covers all expenses of the child, when family adoptes a child. Usually such actions are common in foster care, domestic adoption –during 1 year. When child is adopted by foreigners, adopter does not take any help from Kazakhstani, because the mostof adopters are from developed countries.

The majority of children are moved to USA and Spain. Foreign parents are more well- being, have higher income. They adopt a children, even if a child has such diseases as HIV or cleft lip. The reason of mass interest to Kazakhstan from foreigners is rapid clearance of documents, more opportunities for children to have a loving family, build success career and have secure future.

The survey which was conducted among KIMEP students, showed alternative solutions for children than international adoption. Students suggested decreasing the level of orphans by promoting different kinds of allowances for young couples, families with low income, giving more information about the consequences of unwanted pregnancy and abortion, leaving children alone, and doing it an open issue for society (see Ch. 3).

Another side of permitting inter country adoption was introduced by interview with chief specialist in City Department of Education in the South of Kazakhstan, Sauyrbayeva Ulzhalgas Myrzakasymovna. According to her it is better to be adopted and brought-up by foreign parents. Also she mentioned that there cannot be negative effects from such procedure, because it is not free, and government also has some benefits to the state treasury.

From Yestemesssov’s experience was known, in fact the process of adoption from one country to another is not so easy. You must have both money and connections to the embassy. The reason for this is that without acquaintaces and big amount of money it is practically impossible to adopt a child. The whole acting of adopton took 7 months. (see Ch. 4).

The results of interviewees were absolutely different. Answers are influenced by education, social status, life position. The majority of interviewees supported the idea of inter country adoption.

The writing this research paper promoted some difficulties, because this issue is quite hard choice. Even though there is lot of information related to this topic, most of them are not credible or give extra, unnecessary information. The limitation of lack of procedure of adoption contributed to giving examples in essay. The examples of adoption which are written in research paper are relate to domestic adoption, but, in general, they are almost the same.

Moreover, at the beginning it was planned to know is international adoption problem or solution for country. But during survey, the question of topic was changed to “Should children be adopted illegally or by foreigners? ” The reason of choosing is the lack of examples of banning international adoption. There are some examples of negative intercountry adoption in Russia, but in Kazakhstan such situations have not happened.

After children are left by parents they face different problems such as how to survive and continue existing. They pass through difficulties before being adopted. Government says that it helps orphans constantly, however it is not sensible. The research showed that international adoption is not so bad: children with some diseases have an opportunity to be treated abroad, it is common that if children were brought-up in family they have a chance to build own successful family. The reason for this is that they have an example of family.