Topic 3. Components of systematic training

1. What are the components of workouts typical for athletes of different specialization?

Text 3.1 THE PATHS THAT DETERMINE SUCCESS

2. Read the text bellow. Do you share the author’s ideas?

Training may be regarded as a tool that, when used correctly, elicits specific physiological and psychological responses. Endurance athletes, perhaps more than other athletes, need individualized training plans that attempt to meet the specific goals of the athlete within the general guidelines for success in a given sport. The object is to im­prove the body's ability to supply energy to the muscles, increase energy reserves, strengthen the muscles used in the sport, and become more efficient in the specific neuromuscular functions needed in the sport. Systematic planning provides an effective, objective method whereby your coach and you can incorporate personal experiences, current scientific research results, up-to-date coaching practices, and innovative ideas into a structured plan. Once such a plan is created, accurate records are maintained to compare the plan with the actual training that occurs. This way changes from month to month and year to year can be made with informed reference to the original plan and with regard to those components that worked well and those that need improvement. The plan covers a full year, including each competitive phase if there is more than one season per year.

3. Listen to the text and answer the questions.

1. When may training be regarded as a tool? 2. Why do endurance athletes more than other athletes need individualized training plans? 3. What is the object here? 4. What does systematic planning provide? 5. Why are accurate records maintained? 6. What period of time does the plan cover?

4. Find in the text the English equivalents for following words and phrases:

соревновательный период, способность организма, при правильном использовании, вести точные записи, вызывать определенные физиологические и психологические реакции, в пределах общей установки / в рамках общих рекомендаций, инструмент, пополнение энергетических запасов, соответствовать поставленным целям, со ссылкой на, современные тренерские методики, успех в данном виде спорта

5. Make up a dialogue on the text and retell the text

A training plan is like a map. It's a good idea to discuss your planned route with someone who has " been there."

Text 3.1 PLAN OBJECTIVES

1. Read the text bellow. Do you share the author’s ideas?

Depending on your sport and level of commitment, the objectives of your plan may be outlined for 1 year or as many as 4 years. There are six basic categories to consider for the overall outline.

The first category is performance. Actual race times and ranking classifications will be identified for the events in which you are to compete. It is important to be realistic about these goals.

The second category is physical training preparation. A clear assessment of current physical strengths and weaknesses and knowledge of proper physiological progressions is necessary for correctly mapping the objectives for this category. For example, an endurance athlete will need to develop a good aerobic endurance capacity over a period of several months before it is high enough to provide the foundation for safe and effective anaerobic capacity.

Psychological preparation is the third category. An assessment must be made to determine psychological skills and areas needing work. Then the objectives for improving these areas and for sharpening skills can be outlined.

Fourth is technical preparation. This will include learning correct body position, efficient stride and so on, according to the requirements of the sport. The fifth category is tactical preparation. This primarily involves race strategies.

Finally, objectives for tests and standards will be outlined. Throughout the training year, various performance objectives will serve as benchmarks for comparison to actual performance, thereby letting you check the effectiveness of the training plan on a periodic basis.

The material in this book deals primarily with physical preparation. However, a systematic training plan also provides the basic structure from which the other categories of preparation may be implemented and measured.

2. Find in the text the English equivalents for:

однако; измерить; на периодической основе; отметка уровня/веха; сравнение; внедрять/осуществлять; на протяжении; обрисовать/наметить; прежде всего/сперва; вовлекать; правильная осанка; эффективный шаг; оттачивать мастерство; определять; текущий/теперешний; слабость; сила; аэробное потребление; достаточно высокий; продвижение/развитие; результативность/ соревновательная эффективность; учитывать / рассматривать; знание; действительный/ фактический; состязание/гонка; основание; оценка; ясный; задачи; зависеть от; уровень совершенствование; основной; в общем контексте; иметь дело с; позволять; таким образом

3. Answer the questions:

1. Depending on what may the objectives of the plan be outlined? 2. For what term may the plan be outlined? 2. How many basic categories should be considered for the overall outline? 3. What is the first category? 4. What does the second category include? 5. What kind of preparation is involved in the third category? 6. What will the fourth category include? 7.What does the fifth category deal with? 8. What will be finally outlined? 9. What serves as benchmarks for comparison to actual performance?

4. Complete the sentences with words from the box.

1. Consider the training process to be like a balance …. 2. A small percentage of the time we achieve a … balance. 3. The rest of the time is … adding energy to one side or removing it from the other and continually monitoring and checking the balance. 4. It is … this process that we learn. 5. We learn about the effects of various stressors, about their relationship to other … in life, and ultimately about strategies to use in refining our … balancing act. 6. Without awareness of and attention to … …, athletes would continue to train full speed ahead, with little regard to the intuitive and learned checks and balances our bodies and minds are capable of administering. 7. Maintaining a … between the training load/ stressors and restoration processes requires … … of the effects of stressors and the necessary recovery techniques.

5. Translate the following into English:

1. Тренировка может рассматриваться как инструмент для выработки определенных физиологических и психологических реакций. 2. Задачи тренировочного плана зависят от вида спорта и уровня мастерства. 3. При составлении плана учитываются шесть основных категорий. 4. Первая категория имеет дело с результативностью. 5. Вторая категория - это физическая подготовка спортсмена. 6. Цель третьей категории – совершенствование психологического состояния спортсмена и оттачивание мастерства. 7. Четвертая категория – это техническая подготовка. 8.Задачи тактической подготовки относятся к пятой категории. 9. Шестая категория имеет дело с разработкой стандартов и тестов для определения эффективности тренировочного плана.