Glossary

MODULE 9

Topic 8. New safety rules in modern society

NEW SAFETY RULES

Living in a " good" neighbourhood used to mean you didn't have to worry about crime. Not anymore. Criminals are becoming bolder and more brazen — everywhere. That doesn't mean you have to become paranoid —just prepared. And the safety strategies are no longer smart

Study the vocabulary.

GLOSSARY

safety безпека; обережність

bold зухвалий

brazen безсоромний

avoid уникати

pedestrian пішохід

authoritatively поважно

mugger sl грабіжник

apt імовірний

unaware що не підозрює

briskly жваво

alert пильний

distracted збентежений; далекий від дійсності

assertive настирливий

sling (slung) вішати через плече

hook приціпляти

determined сповнений рішучості

swipe красти

trap обдурювати

curb обочина

preceed передувати

innocent невинний, наївний

alarm тривожний свисток

clip прикріпити

suspect підозрювати

duck ухилятися; " пірнути"

reluctant неохочий

threaten загрожувати

enrage дратувати

range дальність; досяжність

groin пах

split second частка секунди; мить

benefit користь; перевага

everweigh переважити

rape зґвалтування

injury пошкодження

plead благати

half-hearted нерішучий

dislodge вибити

socket заглибина

fail-safe що сам вимикається

burglary крадіжка із зломом

heavy-duty надпотужний

bolt засув

tough важкий

break-in злом

increasingly все більше і більше

approximately приблизно

occur траплятися

confront протистояти

intruder зломщик

essential необхідний

regardless незважаючи на

dispatcher диспетчер

acknowledge визнавати

case вистежувати

peephole вічко

intercom розм. внутрішній телефонний зв 'язок

emergency екстрений

pose набирати вигляду

delivery доставка

meter лічильник

indentification посвідчення

shedule призначати

2. Read the text. Can these rules help in everyday life?

STREET SAFETY

Old Thinking: Avoid eye contact with pedestrians.

New Thinking: Make brief eye contact and walk authoritatively.

A mugger is more apt to pick on someone who seems unaware of her surroundings. Act confident and purposeful by walking briskly with your head up. Don't walk with headphones on or an open book in hand. And stay alert when window-shopping. It's when you're distracted or upset that someone has an opportunity to grab your purse or pick your pocket. If you notice someone staring at you, briefly look him in the eye. Attackers tend to avoid someone who's going to be assertive or make a scene.

Old Thinking: It's best to carry your purse slung diagonally across your body.

New Thinking: Carry your bag under your arm like a football.

Hooking your purse across your body does make it more difficult to steal — but if a mugger is really determined to get it, it also makes it easier for you to get hurt.

Since simply slinging your purse over your shoulder makes it very easy to swipe, consider wearing it under your coat. When possible, carry your real valuables — and keys — in your pockets.

Old Thinking: To avoid being trapped by a mugger, walk close to the curb.

New Thinking: Walk in the middle of the sidewalk, facing traffic.

Purse snatchers who drive or ride by on bicycles are almost as common as those on foot. Often a crime is preceded by a seemingly innocent request for directions or the time. While it's okay to answer, experts suggest keeping a distance of two arms' length or continuing to walk as you respond.

After dark, consider carrying a personal alarm or shrieker — keep it in your hand or clip it to your belt. If you suspect someone's following you, cross the street, and if possible, duck into a store or restaurant. If you can't shake him, scream for help, or yell, " Fire! " People who are reluctant to get involved with a mugging will jump to action if they think their safety is threatened, too.

Old Thinking: Carry Mace.

New Thinking: Don't carry Mace.

Mace, or tear gas, won't stop a drug-crazed attacker. Also, you must be in exactly the right position — and down-wind — to get it in his eyes. If you miss, you risk enraging him further. Then, too, experts say carrying a chemical spray (they're illegal in New York and Wisconsin) may give women a false sense of security. For it to be of any use, it must be in your hand at all times — not in your purse — and you must know how to use it correctly. Some experts recommend pepper spray over Mace — it has a ten-foot range, and because it irritates the nose, mouth, and eyes, you have a larger area to aim at.

Old Thinking: A kick in the groin is the best way to strike an attacker.

New Thinking: If you're going to fight, use any other tactic but this.

In an attack, you'll have a split second to decide what to do. The benefits of fighting back may outweigh the risks: In a recent study of 274 women who had been sexually attacked, those who fought back were more likely to escape rape and injury than those who pleaded, cried, or reasoned with their attackers.

If you decide to fight back, don't make a halfhearted attempt. Use a combination of tactics, and continue fighting until you can break away. Grab the attacker's testicles, then squeeze and twist them — if this doesn't put him in shock, it will bring him to his knees. Or use your thumbs to try to dislodge his eyes from the sockets.

HOME SAFETY

Old Thinking: If you have a high-tech alarm system, you're safe.

New Thinking: No security system is fail-safe.

More than 50 percent of completed burglaries occur in homes where doors or windows are unlocked. Make sure your house is locked up even when you're inside. Doors should have heavy-duty dead bolt locks — they're the toughest to open. Never leave your purse or briefcase near a window or door. And position televisions, stereos, and computers away from windows so they can't easily be seen.

Old Thinking: You have to worry about break-ins only at night and while you're away.

New Thinking: Increasingly, burglars are breaking into houses in broad daylight — and while the occupants are there.

Approximately 480, 000 homes were entered by criminals while at least one member of " the family was in the house. 38 percent of all burglaries occurred during the day.

Confronting an intruder can be dangerous, so it's essential to establish a " safe" room that you and your family can easily get to if there's an intruder. The door should have a dead bolt lock so you can lock yourself in, and a separate phone line so you can call for help regardless of what happens to other lines. Come up with a code word or phrase that everyone agrees means, " I'm in danger, call for help, " but make it simple enough for kids to remember. When calling, always give your address first so the dispatcher knows where to send help if you are disconnected.

Old Thinking: If a stranger rings your doorbell and you don't want to open the door, pretend you're not home.

New Thinking: Always acknowledge a visitor.

The stranger may be casing your home to see if anyone's there — if you don't answer, you may find yourself face-to-face with a burglar. But never blindly open your door; use a window, peephole, or intercom to screen all visitors. If someone asks to use your phone to make an emergency call, offer to make the call while he waits outside.

Criminals sometimes pose as delivery people meter readers — even priests and policemen — so always ask strangers to hold up identification to a window or peephole before letting them in. If you're still suspicious, phone the company and ask if a service call was scheduled for your home. If not, calf the police. If a service person arrives when you're alone, invite a friend over, or ask the worker to lower his voice because your husband's sleeping.

3. Suggest other useful rules, tips for safety in nowadays society (use visual or video support): street safety, home safety, personal safety, safety rules for children

Remember

Ways of giving advice:

· YOU SHOULD + INFINITIVE

· YOU OUGHT TO + INFINITIVE (FORMAL)

· IT WOULD BE A GOOD IDEA IF YOU + PAST S.

· IF I WERE YOU, I WOULD...

· YOU HAD BETTER... + INFINITIVE

· YOU (WILL) HAVE TO + INFINITIVE

· IT IS TIME YOU + PAST SIMPLE

· WHY DON'T YOU... + INFINITIVE

· YOU COULD ALWAYS... + INFINITIVE

· HAVE YOU THOUGHT ABOUT... + ING

· IMPERATIVES (Don't... Do...)

· NEVER (Do smth)

· IT’S A GOOD IDEA TO DO SMTH

· IT’S WORTH + GERUND

· IT MIGHT BE A GOOD IDEA TO DO SMTH