to drive (drove, driven)

Не drove the horses into the forest.

He's learning to drive.

Shall we drive home or walk?

We drove up to the house.

I could not understand what he was driving at.

We had a nice drive.

Shall we go for a drive round the town?

5. pause n There was a short pause while the next speaker got on to the platform. A pause is made because of doubt or hesitation or for the sake of expressiveness when speaking, singing, reading, etc.

The speaker made a short pause to stress his words.

Не paused to collect his thoughts. He went on without pausing.

6. to nod I asked him if he could ring me up and he nodded. She nodded to me as she passed.

. She sat in the armchair nodding over her book.

She passed me with a nod. She gave me a nod.

7. ruin. The death of Davy's mother was the ruin of his hopes.

Не brought his family to ruin.

The ruins of Rome. The enemy left the city in rains.

He knew that he himself had ruined his life by stealing the money.

The fellow rained himself by card-playing.

8. to rub The gymnast rubbed hishands with talc. The dog rubbed its nose against my coat.

Не rubbed Ms face (hands) dry.

Rub the oil in well.

Rub the words off the blackboard.

She rubbed all the pencil marks out.

His manner of rubbing bis hands gets on my nerves.

She gave the spoons a good rub.

9. vacant The telephone booth was vacant and I was able to telephone at once. She gazed into vacant space.

He had loose clothes on. All the window frames in my flat are loose.

We have a vacancy on our staff. We advertised for a secretary to fill the vacancy.

7unit

1. vary. Market prices often vary. I try to vary my diet.

Our opinions vary.

This word has two spelling vari­ants.

There are various reasons for my refusal.

I'll give you various exercises on that rule.

. They are quite different people.

The novel describes the varied ca­reer of an adventurer.

You must have more va­riety in your food.

I've got some rare varieties of such stamps. There are some rare varieties of leaf-bearing trees in the park.

scene The duel scene in " Hamlet" impressed us greatly. Her acting was wonderful in the last scene.

In the first act the scene is laid in France. Trafalgar was the scene of a famous battle between the British fleet and the combined French and Spanish fleets.

I like the way this writer describes rural scenes. You could see awful scenes after the earthquake.

The scenery was impressive in the last act. They have almost no scenery in that play.; I prefer plains to mountain scenery. I looked out of the window enjoying the scenery.

supply. In our hall the students are supplied with all the necessary furniture and bedding. Who will supply the expedition with all the necessary equipment?

This shop has alarge supply of winter coats.

These forests give a good supply of timber.

shape I don't like the shape of his nose. This sculpture hasn't got much shape, I should say.

. I want to get a brooch in the shape of a horseshoe.

He had a ragged coat and a shapeless hat on.

value The literary value of that book is not great. I don't believe you realize the value of his advice.

In some years his pictures will be of great value. This book will be of no value in your studies.

I greatly value his friendship.

We all appreciate aholiday after a year of hard work. I greatly appreciate your kindness.

He valued the house for me at £ 800.

It's a valuable picture

8.unit

No man can serve two mas­ters. He serves as gardener (no article!). He served three years in the army (navy). These shoes have served me two years. A wooden box served as a table,

The waiter served the soup, Dinner is served,

There was no one in the shop to serve me.

It serves you right for having disobeyed me.

Не was in active service during the war. He has been in the Diplomatic Service for three years.

The meals at this restaurant are good but the service is poor. The train service is good here.

She nolonger needs the ser­vices of a doctor. My room is at your service.

as a familiar voice (face, name, scene, handwriting, song, melody, tune, scent, smell, etc.)

You should be familiar with the facts before you start investiga­tion. He is familiar with many languages. Her face seems fa­miliar to me.

Are you on familiar terms with him? Don't be too familiar with him, he's rather a dis­honest man.

Don't you think he is a bit too fa­miliar with her?

This book did not impress me at all. I was greatly (deeply) impressed by his acting. What impressed you most in the play?

His speech made a strong impression on the audience. Punish­ment seemed to make little impression on the child. Tell us about your impressions of England. The group left a good (poor, favourable) impression on the examiner.

as an impressive ceremony (sight, scene, person, gesture, etc.), е.g. The scene was quite impressive.

Sol­diers must obey orders. Children must obey grown-ups. But слушаться совета —

Parents demand obedience from their children.

Не is an obedi­ent boy. The children have been obedient today.

. The sun gives light to the earth. I got up before light. The light began to fail. Lights were burning in every room. Bring a light quickly! We saw the lights of the city. Look at the matter in the right light.

to throw (shed) light on smth. проливать свет на что-л. е.g. These facts shed (a) new light on the matter.

to put (switch, turn) on (off) the light зажигать (гасить) свет

to give smb. a light дать прикурить, e. д. Give me a light, please.

to come to light обнаруживаться, выявляться, е.g. New evidence has recently come to light.

Light at the end of the tunnel свет в конце туннеля, е.g. As the exams approached, she felt that at last she could see the light at the end of the tunnel.

to get light светать, е.g. It gets light very early these summer mornings.

light (lit or lighted) υ t/i 1. зажигать(ся), as to light a lamp (a candle, a fire), е.g. He lit a lamp. Please light the stove.

The streets were brightly lit up. The room was lighted by six windows. Our houses are light­ed by electricity. The burning building lit up the whole dis­trict. The rising sun lit up the mountain tops.

Rain prevented the game. I'll meet you at six if nothing prevents. Illness prevented him from doing the work. How-can you prevent it from happening? Something prevented him from coming (prevented his coming).

Prevention is bet­ter than cure.

. He earns a good wage because he works for a fair employer.

She earned her living by sewing.

His first book earned him the fame of a novelist. The teacher told her pupils that they had earned a holiday. Her good work earned her the respect of her colleagues.

He has spent all his earn­ings.

You did well (wrong) to refuse. Having nothing bet­ter to do I went for a walk. There's nothing to be done now. No sooner said than done. Well begun is half done.

. I must do my best to help him,

This medi­cine won't do you any good. His holiday has done him a world (a lot, a great deal) of good. It will do you more harm than good.

. I like the way she does her hair. Will you do the beds while I do the window?

. Did you do the British Museum when you were in London? We often see foreigners in Moscow doing the sights.

. It won't do to play all day. The room will do us quite well. It won't do to sit up so late. This sort of work won't do for him. Will this sheet of paper do?

. Le Ros did well in the Bureau. Everything in the garden is doing splendidly. She is doing very well at school.

Smoking should be done away with.

. He has to do with all sorts of people. We have to do with facts, not theories.

I advise you to have nothing to do with him. What have I to do with it?

9.unit

They made their way through the silent streets of the sleeping city.

The guide led the way through the forest till we reached a narrow path. This way, please. Пожалуйста, пройдите сюда.

Let's discuss it on the way home.

children lost their way in the forest.

By the way, what was it she told you?

Let me pass, don't stand in my way. They couldn't even talk in private: there was always someone in the way. What was it that stood in the way of her happiness?

Get out of my way! I shall get her out of the way for ten minutes, so that you can have an opportunity to settle the matter.

The music was unusual but quite beautiful in its own way.

She likes to have her own way in everything. Have it your own way.

That seems to me a very good way out. Proverb: Where there's a will there's a way.

. I have worn my shoes into holes. The carpet wss worn by the many feet that had trodden on it.

All chil­dren over seven attend school in our country.

She was tired of at­tending on (upon) rich old ladies who never knew exactly what they wanted.

The attendant will show you to your seats.

Atten­dance at schools is compulsory. The attendance has fallen off. Your attendance is requested.; Now that the patient is out of danger the doctor is no longer in attendance.

At the party she wore her wedding dress and he said she looked like a lily-of-the-valley. You should always wear blue: it matches your eyes.

. I have worn my shoes into holes. The carpet wss worn by the many feet that had trodden on it.

This cloth wears well (badly).

This style of dress is in general wear now. Clothes for everyday wear.. Shoes for street wear.

I am anxious about his health. Her face was calm, but the anxious eyes betrayed something of what she felt.

She always gets worried about little things.

Isn't he eager to learn?

That anxiety for truth made Philip rather unpopular with some of his school­mates.

Before packing make up a list of things you are going to take.;

. You are a fool to listen to his story. He has made it all up. Make up your own sentences using the new words.;

How long will it take the actors to make up? She was so much made up that I didn'

We must make up for lost time. Won't you let me try to make up for all I've fai­led to do in the past?

Why should you spoil your pretty face with all this make-up? The woman uses too much make-up

She was holding a red rose in her hand.

. Holding on to a branch, he climbed a little higher. Hold on to the railing, it's slippery here.

to hold a meeting проводить собрание, е.g. A students' meeting was held in our department yesterday.

How many people will this lecture-hall hold?

Will this weather hold?

Не nearly fell down, but managed to catch hold of his companion's arm. The child got hold of a bright flower.

every minute it became harder and harder to keep hold of the slippery ropes.

. It wasn't her nature to lose hold of anything she had got hold of.

. We are entertaining a lot.; 2. развлекать, занимать, е.g. We were all entertained by his tricks.

. The conversation was far from entertaining. In fact, it was horribly dull.

There are many places of entertainment in any big city.