Banking

1.There are several ways in which consumers and businesses can use their savings or idle funds. They can deposit them in the commercial bank, they can take them to savings bank or to a saving and loan association, or they can buy stocks and bonds.

2.They can also keep excess funds completely idle by holding their cash in a safe place.

3.Since there is competition for savings, the bank must offer an attractive rate of interest. The higher the rate, the less likely it will be that savers will bring funds to the bank because people will prefer a more profitable way to save. Besides being saving institutions, banks serve another vital function. They act as a market for money.

4.People and business in need of money are willing to pay for the use of it. Banks provide facilities for the movement of money. Businessmen borrow to expand their factories or stores, to increase their inventories and to buy machinery. They expand in the expectation that they will increase their profits. Businessmen must consider interest on loans as an added expense of any expansion.

5.Businessmen and consumers may postpone actions that require borrowed money when in their opinion the interest rate is too high.

6.There is another side to the bank’s role in the economy. Since the prosperity of the bank is tied directly to the prosperity of the community in which it does business, bankers usually take an active interest in local development efforts to bring new industry to the area. They help and advise businessmen who are interested in setting up the biggest buyers of local government bonds. By buying these bonds they lend money for local improvements that will make their community a better place to live and to do business.

Vocabulary

savings – сбережения

idle – незанятый, бездействующий

loan – заем

stocks – акции

bond – облигация

rate of interest – процент (ссудный)

profit - доход

inventories – материальные запасы

Question

What are the ways in which consumers and businesses can use their savings or idle funds?

ВАРИАНТ 4

I. Перепишите следующие предложения, определите в каждом из них видовременную форму и залог глагола сказуемого (см.образец). Переведите предложения на русский язык.

1. The automatic equipment is being installed in our shop.

2. Radioactive isotopes have been made in nuclear reactor.

3. The construction of this house will be completed in a month.

4. The engineer was asked about the new technology used at the plant.

II. Перепишите следующие предложения и переведите их не русский язык, обращая внимание на различные значения слов it, one, that.

1. The success in the chemistry made it possible to obtain a lot of new materials.

2. One must apply the material that can be machined easily.

3. It is the energy of falling water that is used to drive turbines.

III. Перепишите предложения и переведите их на русский язык, обращая внимание на разные значения глаголов to be, to have, to do.

1. The operators dealing with radioisotopes must have protective suits.

2. The engineers are to study the problem of using solar energy.

3. The chemical industry is one of the leading branched of our national economy.

4. He has finished his work at this book.

IV. Перепишите предложения и переведите их на русский язык, обращая внимание на бессоюзное подчинение.

1. I think the drawing will be ready by tomorrow.

2. Every substance a man comes in contact with consists of molecules.

V.Перепишите предложения и переведите их на русский язык, обращая внимание на функцию инфинитива.

1. To design a new building is the work of an architect.

2. To measure volumes we must know the dimensions of a body.

3. Our plant was the first to install the automatic equipment.

VI..Прочитайте и устно переведите на русский язык с 1-го по 7-ой абзацы текста. Перепишите и письменно переведите 1, 3 и 7-ой абзацы. Письменно ответьте на вопрос после текста.