Past Perfect

8. Complete these sentences using the correct form of the verbs in brackets.

1. She went to the supermarket, but she had forgotten (forget) her money.

2. He didn’t go to school because he ___________ (catch) a cold.

3. When he got to the station, the train ____________ (leave).

4. In the middle of the film he remembered he ___________ (see) it before.

5. Nadia said she was very sorry for what she _____________ (do).

6. It wasn’t surprising that she was tired: she ___________ (not/sleep) for two days.

7. The children were very excited because they ______________ (not/see) a tiger before.

8. The road was blocked because a lorry ______________ (break down).

9. My mother felt very nervous on the plane because she _____________ (not/fly) before.

10. When the police arrived to arrest him, Thompson ______________(leave).

Past Perfect Continuous

9. Fill in the gaps with one of the verbs from the list in the Past Perfect Continuous.

play work argue try eat watch

Emily was angry. She had been arguing with her parents for an hour.

1. Hannah felt sick. She ___________________________________ chocolates all afternoon.

2. Allan had a headache. He _______________________________ computer games for six hours.

3. Simon was confused. He _________________________________ to win the game for hours.

4. Emily was frightened. She _____________________________ a horror film for half an hour.

5. John was very tired. He __________________________________ all night.

Texts for reading and translation

Тексты № 1- 3 переведите устно, текст № 4 – письменно.

Text 1

The Legal Heritage of Greece and Rome

The ancient Greeks were among the first to develop a concept of law that separated everyday law from religious beliefs. Before the Greeks most civilizations attributed their laws to their gods or goddesses. Instead, the Greeks believed that laws were made by the people for the people.

In the seventh century B.C., Draco* drew up Greece's first comprenensive written code of laws. Under Draco's code death was the punishment for most offences. Thus, the term draconian usually applies to extremely harsh measures.

Several decades passed before Solon - poet, military hero, and ultimately Athens’ lawgiver - devised a new code of laws. Trial by jury, an ancient Greek tradition was retained, but enslaving debtors was prohibited as were most of the harsh punishments of Draco's code. Under Solon's law citizens of Athens were eligible to serve in the assembly and courts were established in which they could appeal government decisions.

What the Greeks may have contributed to the Romans was the concept of “natural law.” In essence, natural law was based on the belief that certain basic principles are above the laws of a nation. These principles arise from the nature of people. The concept of natural law and the development of the first true legal system had a profound effect on the modern world.

Text 2