Text 1. Principal Structural Units of the Airplane

The airplane consists of five principal structural units: the fuselage, the wing, the tail unit, the landing gear and the power plant.

The fuselage extends from the nose to the tail of the airplane. It houses passengers, crew, cargo and equipment. It supports the wing, tail unit and sometimes engines. The fuselage also carries the landing gear.

The wings are lifting and supporting surfaces of the airplane in flight. The function of the wing is to support the airplane in the air and to create lift.

The function of the tail unit is to provide directional stability and control of the airplane in flight. The tail unit consists of two surfaces, vertical and horizontal.

The function of the power plant is to provide power for flight and to propel the airplane.

The landing gear supports the airplane on the ground and its function is to taxi the aircraft on the ground and to absorb the energy of landing.

Exercise 9. Translate word combinations with the term «aircraft».

Civil aircraft, cargo aircraft, military aircraft, passenger aircraft, ambulance aircraft, commercial aircraft, sea aircraft, cargo-passenger aircraft, long-range aircraft, forest patrol aircraft, mail-carrying aircraft, search and rescue aircraft.

Exercise 10. Translate «noun + noun» word-combinations.

Aircraft engine, air flow, design principles, fuel tank, shock absorber, control unit, air pressure, fuselage skin, oil system, rocket engine, helicopter rotor, airplane speed, engine operation, flight condition.

Exercise 11. Translate verb-combinations.

To consist of structural units, to extend from the nose to the tail, to support the wing, to carry cargo, to create lift, to provide directional stability, to control the аіrplane in flight, to propel the aircraft, to absorb the energy of landing, to taxi on the ground.

Exercise 12. Make the following sentences interrogative and negative.

1. The fuselage is the central body of the аіrcraft. 2. We divide the airplane into five principal structural units. 3. The power plant provides power for flight. 4. The tail unit consists of two surfaces: vertical and horizontal. 5.The wing extends equally on each side of the fuselage.

Exercise 13. Say if the following statements are true or false. If they are wrong, correct them.

1. The airplane consists of two principal structural units. 2. The tail unit supports the wing. 3. The function of the power plant is to create lift. 4. The wings are not lifting and supporting surfaces of the аіrplane in flight. 5. The fuselage controls the аirplane in flight.